地形是景观空间分布格局的重要影响因子，特别是在人为活动占优势的景观中地形条件成为大尺度景观空间分布格局的决定因素。本研究以地处黄土高原、水土流失较为严重的山西省永和县岔口小流域为研究对象，利用SPOT遥感影像、1:1万地形图和土地利用现状等数据，通过对小流域的土地利用现状和DEM分析，得到各地形分级单元的土地利用景观指数，并对流域土壤侵蚀风险进行了评价研究。结果表明：研究区土地利用景观格局分布与高程、坡度和坡向有一定的相关性，岔口小流域整体土壤侵蚀风险处于中等较低的水平。

The terrain is the important influence factor in landscape diversity of structure and special patterns; furthermore, the terrain character usually becomes the determinant of great criterion in region distribution pattern. Through overlaying land use map and the DEM-based slope, aspect and elevation map, landscape index under different terrain units were obtained, and the author realized the contradistinctive evaluation of land use in different units. The studies indicated that the distribution of landscape pattern was relevant to elevation, slope and aspect. The risk of soil erosion in the overall study area was in medium level.