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农学学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (7): 1-5.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16010022

所属专题: 玉米

• 农艺科学 生理生化 •    下一篇

近五年陕西省春播玉米区试品种主成分变化趋势

张增川   

  1. 汉中市农业科学研究所
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-28 修回日期:2016-03-23 接受日期:2016-04-22 出版日期:2016-07-18 发布日期:2016-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 张增川 E-mail:zhang20020089
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目“汉中盆地稻麦油两熟区秸秆还田技术集成与示范”(2015KTCL02-21)。

Trends in Main Ingredient of Varieties in the Spring Maize Regional Trials of Shaanxi Province in recent five years

  • Received:2016-01-28 Revised:2016-03-23 Accepted:2016-04-22 Online:2016-07-18 Published:2016-07-18

摘要: 探求2010—2014年间陕西省春播玉米区试参试品种的主成分变化趋势,为陕西省玉米审定制度改革、玉米区域试验开展和品种审定提供理论依据。选取2010—2014年间参加陕西省春播玉米区试的每组产量排名前三的品种,依年份为单位选取主成分并计算其平均值,横向比较5年间参试玉米品种的主成分变化趋势。①参试品种生育期呈现递减趋势,累计减少6.17天,年均减少1.23天;②株高和穗位高呈现递减趋势,株高累计降低0.42 m,年均降低0.106 m;穗位累计降低0.3 m,年均降低0.0758 m;③穗长曲折降低,有维持到18 cm左右的趋势;百粒重总体呈曲折减小趋势,累计减少3.23 g,年均减少0.81 g;穗行数基本在16行左右,行粒数基本在37粒左右。④株型以紧凑型为主,粒型以马齿型为主,粒色全是黄色。从主成分变化分析可知5年间陕西省春播玉米区试的参试品种逐渐向高产、抗倒、耐密和适宜机械化方向发展。

关键词: 东北地区, 东北地区, 玉米干旱, 指标体系, 问题讨论

Abstract: The study aims to seek the principal components variation trends of the tested varieties in maize regional trials of Shaanxi Province in 2010—2014, and provide a theoretical basis for the reform of maize validation system, maize regional trial and variety certification. The authors selected top three varieties according to yield to participate in the maize regional trials of Shaanxi Province from 2010 to 2014, calculated the average value and selected the principal components according to the year as the unit, and compared the changing trend of principal components of maize varieties during the 5 years. ① Growth period of the tested varieties showed a decreasing trend, reduced by 6.17 days in all, with an average of 1.23 days every year. ② Plant height and ear height showed a decreasing trend, the plant height was decreased by 0.42 m in all, with an average of 0.106 m every year; the ear height was decreased by 0.3 m in all, with an average of 0.0758 m every year. ③ Ear length reduced in twists and turns, it had a trend of about 18 cm; hundred grain weight showed a decreasing trend , decreased by 3.23 g in all, with an average of 0.81 g every year; rows per ear was about 16, kernels per row was about 37. ④ Plant type was mainly compact type, grain type was dent and grain color was all yellow. Therefore, the principal components analysis showed that the tested spring maize regional trial varieties of Shaanxi Province were gradually developed to high yield, lodging resistance, high density and mechanization suitability.