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农学学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (5): 19-22.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16080023

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄淮海地区秸秆综合利用的中转模式初探

马晨雨,杨习文,李 煜,张 捷,贺德先   

  1. 河南农业大学农学院 河南 郑州,450002,河南农业大学农学院 河南 郑州,450002,河南农业大学农学院 河南 郑州,450002,河南农业大学农学院 河南 郑州,450002,河南农业大学农学院 河南 郑州,450002
  • 收稿日期:2016-08-24 修回日期:2016-11-19 接受日期:2016-11-23 出版日期:2017-05-26 发布日期:2017-05-26
  • 通讯作者: 贺德先 E-mail:ma18736076042@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目“黄淮海地区秸秆多途径利用的中转模式”(201510466013)。

Comprehensive Utilization of Straws: Transfer Mode in Huang-Huai-Hai Region

  • Received:2016-08-24 Revised:2016-11-19 Accepted:2016-11-23 Online:2017-05-26 Published:2017-05-26

摘要: 为了研究如何提高黄淮海地区秸秆综合利用率的问题,综述了国内外近二十年的关于秸秆处理的方法与综合利用的途径,发现作物秸秆具有阶段性过剩和存在空间不均衡的特点,而对作物秸秆运输和储藏成本较高,秸秆的分级、分类和转化技术的相对落后,限制了黄淮海地区作物秸秆的综合利用,造成了秸秆废弃物资源利用率低的现状。鉴于此,进行了黄淮海地区秸秆的中转途径的探讨,即建立“农田—中转站—工厂/农户”的中转站模式,连接秸秆从农田到工厂或农户的过程,在中转站中对秸秆进行预处理和粗加工,既可以减少秸秆的焚烧,促进秸秆的适量还田,使秸秆资源化利用的程度提高,又从一定程度上解决了秸秆在时间和空间分布不均衡的问题。但对于中转模式和国家匹配政策方面的研究还存在不足,优化中转模式与当前的农业生产形势和经营方式的关系有待进一步研究。

关键词: 紫苏籽壳, 紫苏籽壳, 原花青素, 大孔树脂, 纯化, 抗氧化

Abstract: The paper aims to discuss the means of improving straw use efficiency in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, the authors summarized straw treatment utilization approaches from researches at home and abroad. The authors found that straws were periodic surplus and unbalanced in location, and due to the limit of technologies, transportation and storage, the utilization of straw was inefficient in the region. Therefore, a transfer model, which contains“field- transfer station- factories/farmers”, in Huang- Huai- Hai Region is needed, which can connect the farmland and the factories and farmers in straw utilization processes. The straw will be pretreated and roughly processed in the transfer station, thus reduce the burning rate and promote straw returning to field appropriately. The transfer model can increase the degree of resource utilization, and deals with the unbalanced spatial and temporal distribution of straw to a certain level. However, the national policy concerning the model is still lacking, and the study on the relationship of the transfer model and agricultural production and operating procedures should be enhanced.

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