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农学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (10): 38-41.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17100009

所属专题: 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

梨树种植结构及蜂群采集次数对蜜蜂授粉效果的影响

付宝春,秦国杰,张旭凤,张云毅,王松,柯晓炜,郭媛   

  1. 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所,山西省农业科学院园艺研究所,山西省农业科学院园艺研究所,山西省农业科学院园艺研究所,山西省农业科学院园艺研究所,山西省农业科学院园艺研究所,山西省农业科学院园艺研究所
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-16 修回日期:2018-03-16 接受日期:2018-03-23 出版日期:2018-11-01 发布日期:2018-11-01
  • 通讯作者: 郭媛 E-mail:yysgy
  • 基金资助:
    “现代农业产业技术体系(蜜蜂)建设”(CARS-44-KXJ2)。

Pear Planting Structure and Frequency of Bee Foraging: Effects on Honeybee Pollination

  • Received:2017-10-16 Revised:2018-03-16 Accepted:2018-03-23 Online:2018-11-01 Published:2018-11-01

摘要: 中国梨树种植面积及产量居世界首位,因种植广泛,从南到北花期有一定间隔,蜂场需要转地授粉。为了探究蜜蜂为梨树授粉过程中反复采集对蜂群采集力有无影响,及油菜等花期重叠的竞争植物对蜜蜂采集梨花积极性的影响,笔者考察了不同种植结构、采集次数下蜂群采集梨花粉的重量、比例及采集梨花粉蜂的比例等指标。结果表明,油菜等竞争植物的存在会使蜂群采集梨花粉积极性下降,应尽量避免在梨树地栽种花期相同的竞争作物。重复采集可以提高蜜蜂采集梨花的积极性并增强授粉效果,可组织专业授粉蜂场进行梨树授粉。

关键词: 小分子RNA, 小分子RNA, 基因沉默, 黄曲霉毒素, RNA干涉, 反向遗传学技术

Abstract: China’s pear planting area and output take the first place in the world. Because of wide planting, there are certain intervals of pear fluorescence from south to north, so the apiaries need to move for pear pollination. By analyzing the factors, such as different planting structures, the effects of bee foraging frequency on the percentage and weight of pear pollen foraged by honeybees and the percentage of bees foraging pear pollen, we studied the influence of repeated bee foraging on bee foraging ability during pear pollination, and the effects of oilseed rape and other competing plants which had overlapped florescence with pear on honeybee pollination for pear. The results showed that the competing plants could decline the foraging initiatives of swarm, and their planting should be avoided near pear orchard. Repeated foraging could enhanc enhance the foraging initiatives and the pollination effect, so professional apiaries could play a role in pear pollination.

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