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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (1): 7-16.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0212

• 农艺科学 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

半干旱区不同水分条件下春小麦光响应曲线特征及光合模型拟合分析

赵鹏伟1(), 盖艾鸿1(), 王小平2, 鲁聪聪1, 柳涛1, 李莺莺1, 张涛3   

  1. 1 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院，兰州 730070
    2 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所，中国气象局/甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室，兰州 730020
    3 德阳农业科技职业学院，四川德阳 618500
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-27 修回日期:2025-02-24 出版日期:2026-01-20 发布日期:2026-01-15
  • 通讯作者:
    盖艾鸿，男，1967年出生，甘肃平凉人，教授，博士，主要从事遥感与农业信息系统方面的研究。通信地址：730070 甘肃兰州安宁区营门村一号 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    赵鹏伟，男，2000年出生，甘肃陇南人，硕士研究生，研究方向：主要从事光合生理和农业干旱遥感监测方面的研究。通信地址：730070 甘肃兰州安宁区营门村一号 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院， E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“融合星地多源数据的作物干旱过程定量监测方法研究”(42075120); 甘肃省自然科学基金“基于星地多源数据的农业干旱过程定量监测”(20JR10RA448)

Characterization of Spring Wheat Light Response Curve and Fitting Analysis of Photosynthetic Model Under Different Moisture Conditions in Semi-arid Areas

ZHAO Pengwei1(), GAI Aihong1(), WANG Xiaoping2, LU Congcong1, LIU Tao1, LI Yingying1, ZHANG Tao3   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
    2 Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration/ Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730020
    3 Deyang Agricultural College, Deyang, Sichuan 618500
  • Received:2024-11-27 Revised:2025-02-24 Online:2026-01-20 Published:2026-01-15

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摘要：

为探明半干旱雨养农业区不同水分条件下春小麦的光合生理响应机理、优化田间管理。本研究以春小麦‘定西48号’为研究对象，设置7个处理，每个处理3个重复，分别为：覆膜处理(FM)、灌溉处理1 (GG1)、灌溉处理2 (GG2)、干旱处理1 (GH1)、干旱处理2 (GH2)、干旱处理3 (GH3)和雨养处理(YY)，并测量7个处理下春小麦不同时期的光响应曲线，选用直角双曲线模型，非直角双曲线模型，叶子飘模型，指数模型和双指数模型5种模型分别对春小麦灌浆前后的光响应曲线进行拟合比较，对拟合结果进行精度分析，筛选出最优模型。结果表明：（1）在光合有效辐射为0~400 μmol/(m2·s)时，光响应曲线迅速上升；600~800 μmol/(m2·s)时，上升速度减缓，之后趋于平稳或呈下降趋势。春小麦在灌浆后叶面积指数下降，光合能力减弱，各处理成熟期时的最大净光合速率大小依次为：FM、GG1、YY、GH3、GG2、GH2、GH1。（2）综合5种模型实测值与拟合值的MAE、RMSE和R2可知叶子飘模型的拟合精度最高。在西北半干旱雨养农业区种植春小麦时覆膜处理的抗旱效果最佳，光适应范围最广，5种模型中叶子飘模型最符合春小麦实际的光合特征。

关键词: 半干旱区, 春小麦, 光响应曲线, 模型拟合

Abstract:

To investigate the mechanism of photosynthetic physiological response of spring wheat under different moisture conditions in semi-arid rain-fed agricultural areas and to optimize field management, the present study was carried out with spring wheat ‘Dingxi No. 48’ as the research object. Seven treatments were set up with three replications for each treatment, namely: film mulching (FM), irrigated treatment 1 (GG1), irrigated treatment 2 (GG2), drought treatment 1 (GH1), drought treatment 2 (GH2), drought treatment 3 (GH3), and rain-fed treatment (YY), to measure the light response curves of spring wheat at different periods under the seven treatments. Five models were chosen, namely, the right-angle hyperbola model, the non-right-angle hyperbola model, the leaf drift model, the exponential model and the double exponential model, to fit and compare the light response curves before and after the irrigation of spring wheat. The results were analyzed for accuracy and the optimal model was selected. The results showed that: (1) the light response curve increased rapidly when the photosynthetically active radiation was 0-400 μmol/(m2·s), and slowed down when it was 600-800 μmol/(m2·s), and then stabilized or showed a decreasing trend. The leaf area index of spring wheat decreased after filling, and the photosynthetic capacity weakened, and the magnitude of the maximum net photosynthetic rate at the maturity of each treatment was in the following order: FM, GG1, YY, GH3, GG2, GH2, and GH1. (2) Combining the MAE, RMSE and R2 of the measured and fitted values of the five models shows that the leaf float model has the highest fitting accuracy. The mulching treatment had the best drought tolerance and the widest range of light adaptation when planting spring wheat in the semi-arid rain-fed agricultural region of Northwest China, and the leaf floating model among the five models best matched the actual photosynthetic characteristics of spring wheat.

Key words: semi-arid areas, spring wheat, light response curve, model fitting