为了探讨精确施肥的增产效应，通过采用大田试验，以中熟中粳‘徐稻3号’为材料，设置精确施氮高产处理、常规施氮对照处理和无氮空白处理，研究精确施肥对水稻产量及其构成因素的影响以及水稻主要生育指标的影响。结果表明，精确施氮高产处理产量高达11365.05 kg/hm2，较常规施氮对照处理和无氮空白处理分别增产7.10%和60.09%；精确施氮提高每穗粒数和千粒重，而穗数和结实率略有下降；精确施肥水稻主要生育指标得到明显改善，成穗率较常规施肥对照处理增加2.41%。精确施肥不仅能节省氮肥和改善生态环境，还是水稻生产实现丰产高效可持续发展的重要技术措施，应用前景广阔。

To investigate the effects of the accurate fertilization on grain yield in rice, a field experiment was conducted with medium-maturing medium japonica rice Xudao3 for materials. Accurate fertilization, conventional fertilization and no-nitrogen treatment were set up to determine the effects of accurate fertilization on grain yield and its components and the main growth indexes of rice. Results showed that, the accurate fertilization achieved a high grain yield of 11365.05 kg/hm2, higher than conventional fertilization 7.10% and no-nitrogen treatment 60.09%, respectively. The accurate fertilization increased spikelets per panicle and 1000-grain weight, but it decreased panicles and seed-setting rate slightly. The main growth indexes of accurate fertilization in rice improved significantly, with its panicle rate increasing by 2.41% in comparison with conventional fertilization. Accurate fertilization, not only can save fertilizer and improve the ecological environment, but also was an important technical approach of reaching high grain yield and efficiency in rice sustainable production, with broad prospects for application.