文章首先归纳了重要的世界性检疫害虫-桔小实蝇的分布与为害等生物生态学特性，如其目前分布于中国的湖南、广东、广西、贵州、福建、四川、海南、云南、台湾等省份或地区，为害近300种果蔬植物，主要为害果实，世代相互重叠，具有群集取食的习性。接着从形态鉴定检测、声波检测及分子检测3个方面概述了近年来桔小实蝇的检测方法研究的发展趋势及各检测方法的优缺点，提出了为适应水果进出口贸易快速通关的大局进一步开展对桔小实蝇检测鉴定新技术研究的迫切需要，最后提出了关于桔小实蝇研究的热点问题，如生态适应规律及机制、扩散途径及机制、可持续控制措施等。

Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an invasive pest. Owing to its potential damages and rapid spread, it has been considered as an important quarantine pest in China. For improving the precaution of this invasive pest by all kinds of people, the biology and ecology of this pest were been introduced in this paper. At present, B. dorsalis have been found in many counts and provinces of China, such as Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Fujian, Sichuan, Hainan, Yunnan and Taiwan. This pest is a polyphagous pest, which indicated that there were 300 host plants of them. Merit and demerit and development tendency of the detection method about B. dorsalis have been concluded from three methods just following: morphological identification, acoustic detection, molecular detection. And the developed current about this insect pest has been discussed at last of paper, including ecological adapted regular pattern and mechanism, diffusion path and mechanism, sustainable controlling methods and so on.