木薯优良品种选育一直是木薯科研工作的重要任务，多倍体育种为木薯种质创新和新品种选育提供了一条重要途径。笔者叙述了近年来国内外木薯多倍体育种研究进展。分析了国内外利用秋水仙素诱导木薯多倍体的技术方法、多倍体嵌合体分离策略以及鉴定手段，指出影响木薯多倍体诱导效果的几个因素，并提出了木薯多倍体诱导研究目前存在的问题和未来的研究方向。

Cassava breeding has been the key task in the cassava consortium; and polyploid breeding provides an important way for the germplasm innovation and breeding of cassava. This paper briefly reviewed the progress of cassava polyploidy breeding at home and abroad. Some factors, such as the methods of inducing polyploidy by colchicines, the identification of polyploid, the techniques of dissolving chimeras, were emphatically summarized. The problems existed and the potential focuses were also discussed here.