提高农民收入水平是当前中国亟待解决的城乡收入差距问题中的难点，也是有助于缩小东中西部地区发展不均的现实问题。研究农村居民收入受哪些因素影响以及区域间是否有所不同，具有普遍的现实意义。笔者通过建立C-D函数，利用2007—2010年30个省（市、自治区）的面板数据进行模型估计，定量分析了影响国内农民收入水平的因素，比较了东中西部地区农民收入水平的差异。研究结果发现，区域差异是最显著的影响因素。此外，农产品价格、财政支农也起到了一定的作用。因此，缩小地区农民收入差距不仅应当继续转移农村剩余劳动力、提高农产品最低收购价、改善基础设施生产条件，还应考虑区域差异。通过区域间产业转移，改善优势资源配置，促进区域之间的就业及人口流动。

At present, China faces difficult problems narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas, especially to improve farmers’ income which would help eliminate the regions’ development gap. It is of great significance and practical value to study different factors of which influencing farmers’ income and compare them between regions. In this paper, a C-D function has been established and estimated with panel data method. Data of year 2007 to 2010 in 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) has been used to analysis the influence factors. The result indicates that the regional disparity is the most remarkable factor, besides, the prices of grains and financial supports in agriculture are also important. Therefore, in order to narrow farmers' income gap between regions, we should promote the transformation of rural surplus labor force, raise the minimum purchase prices of grains, and improve the infrastructure. What’s more, to promote inter-regional industry transferring and optimize resource allocation would increase inter-regional employment and speed up population mobility.