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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (9): 36-40.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.casb14110112

所属专题： 玉米

• 农艺科学 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

玉米苗期冻害对生育期和产量影响分析

马凤莲,李春强,王淑兰,宋喜军,徐雅静   

  1. 河北省承德市气象局,河北省气象科学研究所,河北省围场县气象局,河北省承德市气象局,河北省承德市气象局
  • 收稿日期:2014-11-18 修回日期:2015-01-14 接受日期:2015-01-23 出版日期:2015-09-28 发布日期:2015-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 马凤莲 E-mail:mflian@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006028和GYHY201306039);科技部农业资金转化项目(2008GB24160441)

The Impact of Frost Disaster in Maize Seedling Stage on Growth and Yield

  • Received:2014-11-18 Revised:2015-01-14 Accepted:2015-01-23 Online:2015-09-28 Published:2015-09-28

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摘要： 气候变暖背景下气温异常及变化对农业生产影响显著。针对2013年5月承德围场出现的低温冻害,通过对苗期受冻玉米进行跟踪调查和测定,分析了本次玉米冻害发生时的温度条件及影响。结果表明：玉米苗期气温骤降,日最低气温达-3.3℃,低于0℃的持续时间达4小时,玉米叶片受冻显著,但其生长点尚未冻死,后期可以缓慢恢复生长,但发育期推迟；苗期冻害,直接影响中后期玉米的营养生长,严重影响个体产量性状。在气候变暖情况下,须加强低温对农业生产不利影响的防范。

关键词: 区域农业规划, 区域农业规划, 辅助决策, 系统开发, 地理信息系统(GIS)

Abstract: The effect of abnormal temperature and changes on agricultural production is significant under the global warming background. Based on the field investigation and the data of weather stations, it was analised the frost disaster of maize that occurred in Weichang, Chengde on may 19-20, 2013. The results showed that maize growing point has not been frozen to death when the temperature drops suddenly in maize seedling stage while the lowest temperature reached -3.3℃, and the duration of the lower than 0℃ for 4 hours. The maize can regrow slowly after the frost damage, but its development stages was delayed, and the individual characters of maize yield was affected severely also. Under the global warming conditions, it should be strengthened to prevent adverse effects of low temperature on agricultural production.