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农学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (1): 39-44.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0141

所属专题: 生物技术 园艺 耕地保护

• 林学/园艺/园林/食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物质炭基有机肥对西葫芦生物性状、土壤营养和微生物群落的影响

赵彦敏1(), 梁玉红2, 刘齐光3, 杨树宝4, 韩振英4, 郑博1(), 岳鹏1, 李明威1   

  1. 1张家口开放大学,河北张家口 075000
    2河北省张家口市农业广播电视学校,河北张家口 075000
    3张家口市种子管理站,河北张家口 075000
    4怀安县农业农村局,河北张家口 075000
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-21 修回日期:2021-04-02 出版日期:2022-01-20 发布日期:2022-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 郑博 E-mail:zym319@126.com;814648593@qq.com
  • 作者简介:赵彦敏,女,1979年出生,河北无极人,副教授,博士,研究方向为生态循环农业。通信地址:075000 河北张家口市桥东区五一东大街32号 张家口开放大学,Tel:0313-2052910,E-mail: zym319@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北广播电视大学2020 年度科学研究基金项目(WT202015);张家口市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(1811030C)

Effects of Biochar-based Organic Fertilizers on Biological Characters, Soil Nutrients and Microbial Communities of Cucurbita pepo

ZHAO Yanmin1(), LIANG Yuhong2, LIU Qiguang3, YANG Shubao4, HAN Zhenying4, ZHENG Bo1(), YUE Peng1, LI Mingwei1   

  1. 1Zhangjiakou Open University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
    2Zhangjiakou Agricultural Radio and TV School in Hebei, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
    3Zhangjiakou Seed Management Station, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
    4Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Huaian County, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
  • Received:2020-07-21 Revised:2021-04-02 Online:2022-01-20 Published:2022-02-24
  • Contact: ZHENG Bo E-mail:zym319@126.com;814648593@qq.com

摘要:

为明确生物质炭基有机肥对冀西北地区西葫芦生物性状、果实品质及土壤营养、微生物群落的影响,以西葫芦‘早青一代’为材料,进行3种不同施肥水平处理试验。与不施肥(对照)相比,生物质炭基有机肥能明显提高西葫芦植株株高、茎粗度,改善土壤营养和微生物菌落,增加土壤中磷、钾和有机质的含量。该地区最佳有机肥施用量为1500 kg/hm2,末瓜期该施肥水平下,株高、茎粗明显增加,分别比对照增加22.8%、16.7%。宏基因组测序结果表明,生物质炭基有机肥增加了子囊菌门真菌表达的相对丰度,减少了被孢霉门真菌表达的相对丰度,新增隐真菌门和未知新真菌种类。施肥1000 kg/hm2时根际土壤微生物OTU最多,达到811个。研究结果可为生物质炭基有机肥在冀西北地区西葫芦生产的应用提供理论依据。

关键词: 生物质炭基有机肥, 西葫芦, 果实品质, 土壤营养, 土壤微生物

Abstract:

To determine the effects of biochar-based organic fertilizers on the biological characters, fruit quality, soil nutrients and microbial communities of Cucurbita pepo in northwest Hebei, three treatments with different fertilization levels were carried out with C. pepo ‘Zaoqingyidai’. Compared with the no fertilization (control), biochar-based organic fertilizers could significantly increase plant height and stem diameter of C. pepo. Meantime, soil nutrients and microbial communities, and the content of P, K and organic matter in soil were also improved. The fertilization treatment of 1500 kg/hm2 was the best in the study, under which, the plant height and stem diameter increased obviously, which were 22.8% and 16.7% more than those of control, respectively. The macro-genome sequencing results showed that biochar-based organic fertilizers could increase the relative abundance of Ascomycetes fungi expression, decrease the relative abundance of Sporomycetes fungi expression. The Russula was newly added. In the fertilization treatment of 1000 kg/hm2, the OTU number of rhizosphere soil microorganism was the most and reached 811. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the application of biochar-based organic fertilizers in the production of C. pepo in northwest Hebei.

Key words: Biochar-based Organic Fertilizer, Cucurbita pepo, Fruit Quality, Soil Nutrients, Soil Microorganism

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