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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (12): 70-77.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0257

• 农业工程 农业机械 生物技术 食品科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

酒糟纤维素降解工艺优化的研究

冯奕开1,2(), 邵青玲2, 罗爱国2, 朱敏1,2, 杨艳君1,2()   

  1. 1 山西农业大学食品科学与工程学院，山西太谷 030801
    2 晋中学院生物科学技术系，山西晋中 030619
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-28 修回日期:2024-02-28 出版日期:2024-12-20 发布日期:2024-12-20
  • 通讯作者:
    杨艳君，女，1977年出生，湖北邵阳人，博士，教授，研究方向：食品加工与微生物发酵。通信地址：030619 山西省晋中市榆次区文华街199号 晋中学院生物系，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    冯奕开，男，1997年出生，山西临汾人，硕士研究生，研究方向：食品加工与微生物发酵。通信地址：030619 山西省晋中市榆次区文华街199号 晋中学院生物系， E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    山西省自然科学基础研究计划（自由探索类）面上项目“基于根际微生物探讨谷子高产优质的作用机制及菌肥推广”(202203021221226); 晋中学院技术创新团队“旱作农业谷子绿色生产技术创新团队”(jzxyjscxtd202108)

Study on Optimization of Cellulose Degradation Process of Distiller’s Grains

FENG Yikai1,2(), SHAO Qingling2, LUO Aiguo2, ZHU Min1,2, YANG Yanjun1,2()   

  1. 1 College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
    2 Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong College, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2023-11-28 Revised:2024-02-28 Online:2024-12-20 Published:2024-12-20

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摘要：

本研究旨在优化酒糟纤维素降解工艺，以实现其资源化利用并减少环境污染。首先，以白酒厂和黄酒厂的丢弃酒糟为原料进行NaOH预处理，采用单因素试验分析了不同NaOH浓度、酒糟粒度、NaOH处理时间对酒糟中纤维素含量的影响。基于这些数据，确定了选用酒糟以及最佳预处理条件。随后，用纤维素酶进行酶解，考察了酶添加量、酶解温度、酶解时间、pH对酒糟纤维素酶解效果的影响，并进行四因素三水平响应面分析，以还原糖的吸光度为响应指标，来确定最优的酶解条件。研究发现：（1）在预处理试验中，对于同种酒糟，NaOH浓度和NaOH作用时间水平对酒糟纤维素含量有显著影响，而酒糟粒度对酒糟纤维素含量没有显著影响。在同一处理条件下，白酒酒糟纤维素含量显著高于黄酒酒糟。因此，选择白酒酒糟进行后续酶解试验。（2）酶解过程单因素试验中，还原糖含量最佳效果对应的酶添加量、酶解温度、酶解时间、pH分别为800 U/g、50℃、4.5 h、pH 5.5。在单因素基础上，采用四因素三水平的响应面分析显示，酶添加量、温度、时间均对还原糖的吸光度作用显著，而pH作用不显著。两两交互作用中，酶添加量与时间的交互以及温度与时间的交互对吸光度有显著影响。四个因素与吸光度的回归关系显著，且拟合度高，可用于实际生产的预测。最佳酶解条件为：纤维素酶用量950 U/g，反应温度48℃，反应时间5.1 h，pH 5.5，在此条件下吸光度最大达到0.47。本研究表明，通过适当的预处理和酶促水解，酒糟中的纤维素可以有效地转化为还原糖，为酒糟的高值化利用提供了一种可行途径。

关键词: 酒糟, 纤维素, NaOH预处理, 酶解, 响应面分析, 还原糖, 吸光度

Abstract:

The primary aim of this study is to optimize the process of cellulose degradation of distiller's grains. Utilizing discarded distiller's grains from liquor and rice wine factories for NaOH pretreatment, this research conducted a univariate experiment to investigate the impacts of NaOH concentration, distiller's grain particle size and NaOH treatment duration on the cellulose content in the grains. The distiller's grains and the optimal pretreatment conditions were selected based on the experimental results. Subsequently, cellulase was used for enzymatic hydrolysis, and the effects of enzyme dosage, hydrolysis temperature, and hydrolysis time and pH value on the enzymatic hydrolysis of distiller's grains cellulose were studied. A response surface analysis of three-level, four-factor was performed with reducing sugar absorbance as the response variable to determine the optimal conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis. The results showed that: (1) in the pretreatment test, different NaOH concentration and NaOH action time had significant effects on cellulose content of the same distillers, but mesh number had no significant effects on cellulose content of distillers. Under the same treatment conditions, the cellulose content of liquor distiller's grains was significantly higher than that of rice wine distiller's grains. Considering these factors, liquor distiller's grains were selected for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis experiments. (2) The single-factor of the enzymatic hydrolysis process showed that the optimal effects of enzyme dosage, hydrolysis temperature, hydrolysis time, and pH were 800 U/g, 50℃, 4.5 h, and pH 5.5, respectively. Based on the single-factor results, a four-factor and three-level response surface analysis was conducted, which showed that enzyme dosage, temperature, and time had significant effects on the absorbance of reducing sugar, while pH had no significant effect. Among the pairwise interactions, enzyme dosage with time and temperature with time had significant effects on the absorbance of reducing sugar. The regression relationship between these four factors and the absorbance was significant and well-fitted, which could be used for prediction in actual production. The optimal hydrolysis conditions were as follows: cellulase dosage of 950 U/g, reaction temperature of 48℃, reaction time of 5.1 hours, and pH 5.5. Under these conditions, the maximum absorbance reached 0.47. This study indicates that through proper pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, the cellulose in distillers' grains can be effectively converted into reducing sugars, offering a viable approach for the high-value utilization of distillers' grains.

Key words: distillers’grains, cellulose, NaOH pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, response surface analysis, reducing sugars, absorbance