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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (1): 24-32.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0161

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于主成分分析的引黄灌区水浇地合理耕层评价指标体系构建

陈岚1,2,3(), 王成宝2,3, 杨思存1,2,3(), 罗珠珠1, 霍琳2,3, 温美娟2,3   

  1. 1 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院，兰州 730070
    2 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所，兰州 730070
    3 国家农业科学白银观测实验站，兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-30 修回日期:2024-12-23 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-01-15
  • 通讯作者:
    杨思存，男，1971年出生，甘肃靖远人，研究员，硕士生导师，学士，主要从事土壤养分资源管理研究。通信地址：730070 兰州市安宁区农科院新村1号，Tel：0931-7611656，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    陈岚，女，1996年出生，重庆潼南人，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤养分资源管理研究。通信地址：730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区银滩路甘肃农业大学，Tel：0931-7632496，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省重点研发计划项目“引黄灌区农田碳汇能力提升与耕层定向培育模式构建与应用”(22YF7NA038); 农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项“引黄灌区灰钙土合理耕层构建与试验示范”(201503117); 甘肃省青年科技基金计划“引黄灌区秸秆还田和施肥对盐碱地土壤氮素组分和微生物的影响机制研究”(21JR7RA724)

Construction of Evaluation Index System for Reasonable Plough Layer of Irrigated Land in Yellow River Irrigation District Based on Principal Component Analysis

CHEN Lan1,2,3(), WANG Chengbao2,3, YANG Sicun1,2,3(), LUO Zhuzhu1, HUO Lin2,3, WEN Meijuan2,3   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
    2 Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070
    3 Baiyin National Agricultural Science Observatory and Experiment Station, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2024-07-30 Revised:2024-12-23 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-01-15

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摘要：

合理耕层对农作物的高产稳产有重要影响，其评价体系是构建合理耕层的理论依据，但目前适宜引黄灌区水浇地的耕层评价体系尚未建立。本研究采用相关性分析与主成分分析法对甘肃引黄灌区180个玉米地耕层土壤样品进行分析，筛选适宜该区水浇地的耕层评价指标并建立评价体系。结果表明：确定了影响耕层土壤质量的最小数据集(MDS)包括：耕层深度、犁底层厚度、>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾；通过分析全量数据集耕层土壤质量指数(SQI-TDS)与最小数据集耕层土壤质量指数(SQI-MDS)相关性，证实了最小数据集评价指标的合理性；基于玉米产量与关键指标的响应关系，获得了指标的下限与上限参考值。引黄灌区水浇地合理耕层评价指标体系及取值范围是：耕层深度(22.2~22.7 cm)、犁底层厚度(6~8.6 cm)、>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体(13.9%~16.3%）、速效氮(70.41~99.81 mg/kg)、速效磷(17.34~30.84 mg/kg)、速效钾(169.9~172.6 mg/kg)。这一体系可为当地农户合理耕作施肥、建立适宜耕层及高标准农田建设提供参考依据。

关键词: 甘肃引黄灌区, 水浇地合理耕层, 主成分分析, 最小数据集, 土壤质量指数

Abstract:

Reasonable plough layer has an important impact on the high and stable yield of crops, and its evaluation system is the theoretical basis for constructing reasonable plough layer, but the evaluation system of plough layer suitable for irrigated land in Yellow River Irrigation District has not been established yet. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to analyze 180 soil samples of the plough layer of maize fields in the Gansu Yellow River Irrigation District, to screen the evaluation indexes of plough layers suitable for irrigated field, and to establish an evaluation system. The results showed that the minimum data set (MDS) affecting the quality of plough soil was determined, including: plough layer depth, thickness of plough pan, >0.25 mm water-stable aggregates, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. The correlation between the full data set of plough soil quality index (SQI-TDS) and the minimum data set of plough soil quality index (SQI-MDS) confirmed the rationality of the evaluation indexes of the minimum data set; based on the response relationship between corn yields and key indexes, the lower and upper reference values of key indexes were obtained. The index system and the range of values for evaluating the reasonable plough layer of irrigated field in the Yellow River Irrigation Area are: plough layer depth (22.2-22.7cm), thickness of plough pan (6-8.6 cm), >0.25 mm water-stable agglomerates (13.9%-16.3%), available nitrogen (70.41-99.81 mg/kg), available phosphorus (17.34-30.84 mg/kg), available potassium (169.9-172.6 mg/kg). This system could be used as a reference basis for local farmers to rationally cultivate and fertilize, establish suitable plough layer and construct high-standard farmland.

Key words: Gansu Yellow River Irrigation District, reasonable plough layer of irrigated field, principal component analysis, minimum data set, soil quality index