中华绒螯蟹养殖群体与野生群体的种群遗传学研究

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0158

农学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (6): 55-59.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0158

所属专题：生物技术；水产渔业

中华绒螯蟹养殖群体与野生群体的种群遗传学研究

周华兴(), 段国庆, 江河(), 凌俊, 胡玉婷

安徽省农业科学院水产研究所,水产增养殖安徽省重点实验室,合肥 230031

收稿日期:2020-08-04 修回日期:2020-11-02 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-07-08
通讯作者: 江河 E-mail:hxzhou1987@126.com;hfjianghe@sina.cn
作者简介:周华兴,男,1987年出生,安徽六安人,助理研究员,博士,研究方向为分子遗传学。通信地址：230031 安徽省合肥市农科南路40号安徽省农业科学院创新大楼,Tel：0551-69116998,E-mail： hxzhou1987@126.com。
基金资助:
国家现代农业产业建设基金“国家虾蟹产业技术体系建设项目”(CARS-48)

Population Genetics of Chinese Mitten Crab Between the Breeding and Wild Populations

ZHOU Huaxing(), DUAN Guoqing, JIANG He(), LING Jun, HU Yuting

Fisheries Research Institution, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anhui Key Laboratory of Aquaculture and Stock Enhancement, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China

Received:2020-08-04 Revised:2020-11-02 Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-07-08
Contact: JIANG He E-mail:hxzhou1987@126.com;hfjianghe@sina.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究旨在探究安徽中华绒螯蟹种质资源状况以及资源混杂程度,以期为中华绒螯蟹资源的科学保护、合理利用以及相关产业政策的制定提供理论依据。采集了中华绒螯蟹4个养殖群体和长江野生群体共170尾样本,基于线粒体分子标记,进行种群遗传学分析。结果表明,长江野生中华绒螯蟹遗传多样性低,盲目捕捞可能造成野生资源衰退。野生群体与养殖群体间未出现显著遗传分化,存在严重的种质混杂。研究探明了长江中华绒螯蟹的资源现状,为其科学的保护提供理论依据。

关键词: 中华绒螯蟹, 养殖与野生群体, 线粒体基因, 种群遗传分析, 种质混杂

Abstract:

Eriocheir sinensis, especially the Yangtze mitten crab, is an important aquaculture species in China. In recent years, serious germplasm mixture of this species has been detected and little is known about the reasons. In this study, population genetics among wild and breeding populations of the Chinese mitten crab was comparatively analyzed based on mitochondrial marker in order to explore the germplasm mixed level. The results show that the genetic diversity of wild crab in the Yangtze River is low, and over fishing could cause the decline of wild resources. No genetic difference among the wild and breeding populations is detected, which means serious germplasm mixture. This study clarifies the resource status of Chinese mitten crab in the Yangtze River, and can provide a scientific basis for the protection of this species.

Key words: Chinese mitten crab, the breeding and wild populations, mitochondrial gene, population genetics analysis, germplasm mixture

中图分类号:

S917.4

周华兴, 段国庆, 江河, 凌俊, 胡玉婷. 中华绒螯蟹养殖群体与野生群体的种群遗传学研究[J]. 农学学报, 2022, 12(6): 55-59.

ZHOU Huaxing, DUAN Guoqing, JIANG He, LING Jun, HU Yuting. Population Genetics of Chinese Mitten Crab Between the Breeding and Wild Populations[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2022, 12(6): 55-59.

图/表 6

参考文献 38

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群体类型	样本采集地	缩写	样本数量/尾
养殖群体	宣州区	XZ	30
	当涂县	DT	40
	无为县	WW	30
	芜湖县	WH	40
野生群体	长江流域芜湖-马鞍山段	YS	30

群体类型	样本采集地	缩写	样本数量/尾
养殖群体	宣州区	XZ	30
	当涂县	DT	40
	无为县	WW	30
	芜湖县	WH	40
野生群体	长江流域芜湖-马鞍山段	YS	30

基因	引物名	引物序列	退火温度
COII	PXCOII-F	5’-CTTATCCTCCAGCCGACC-3’	55℃
COII	PXCOII-R	5’-TGGCATAAATAGTAATTCACAG-3’	55℃

基因	引物名	引物序列	退火温度
COII	PXCOII-F	5’-CTTATCCTCCAGCCGACC-3’	55℃
COII	PXCOII-R	5’-TGGCATAAATAGTAATTCACAG-3’	55℃

群体	单倍型数量	单倍型分布（个体数）	Hd	Pi
XZ	7	Hap1 (3), Hap2 (20), Hap3 (1), Hap4 (3), Hap6 (1), Hap8 (1), Hap12 (1)	0.5490	0.0034
DT	5	Hap1 (17), Hap2 (16), Hap4 (4), Hap9 (2), Hap7 (2)	0.6628	0.0011
WW	5	Hap1 (3), Hap2 (23), Hap5 (2), Hap7 (1), Hap10 (1)	0.4090	0.0006
WH	6	Hap1 (13), Hap2 (21), Hap3 (1), Hap4 (1), Hap7 (3), Hap10 (1)	0.6270	0.0010
YS	4	Hap1 (10), Hap2 (18), Hap8 (1), Hap11 (1)	0.5450	0.0008

中华绒螯蟹养殖群体与野生群体的种群遗传学研究

Population Genetics of Chinese Mitten Crab Between the Breeding and Wild Populations

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变异来源	自由度	平方和	方差组分	变异比例%	P值
群体间	4	6.567	0.02661 Va	3.46	<0.05
群体内	165	122.392	0.74177 Vb	96.54	<0.05
总计	169	128.959	0.76838	100
平均F_st值	0.03463

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