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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (9): 1-5.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0204

• 农艺农学 生理生化 •    下一篇

大豆玉米带状复合种植对宁夏灌区玉米物质生产与分配的影响

李振明1,2(), 向峰1,2,3, 金鑫4, 金龙4, 哈东兴5, 朱志明6, 马晓民1,2, 赵如浪1(), 王永宏1   

  1. 1 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所，银川 750105
    2 宁夏大学，银川 750021
    3 辽宁省锦州市农业科学院，辽宁锦州 121017
    4 同心县农业技术推广服务中心，宁夏同心 751399
    5 青铜峡市农业技术推广服务中心，宁夏青铜峡 751600
    6 宁夏农业技术推广总站，宁夏银川 750001
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-12 修回日期:2024-01-09 出版日期:2024-09-18 发布日期:2024-09-18
  • 通讯作者:
    王永宏，男，1967年出生，宁夏固原人，研究员，主要从事玉米栽培与育种研究。通信地址：750021 宁夏银川市金凤区黄河东路590号，E-mail：wyhnx2002-3@163.com；赵如浪，1986年出生，副研究员，博士研究生，陕西靖边人，研究方向：玉米栽培生理生态，E-mail：。
    王永宏，男，1967年出生，宁夏固原人，研究员，主要从事玉米栽培与育种研究。通信地址：750021 宁夏银川市金凤区黄河东路590号，E-mail：wyhnx2002-3@163.com；赵如浪，1986年出生，副研究员，博士研究生，陕西靖边人，研究方向：玉米栽培生理生态，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    李振明，男，1998年出生，河北张家口人，在读研究生，主要研究方向：玉米栽培生理生态。通信地址：750021 地址宁夏银川西夏区贺兰山西路489号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    宁夏重点研发资助项目“宁夏玉米大豆带状复合高效种植关键技术研究与示范推广”(2022BBF02038)

Effects of Soybean-Maize Belt Compound Planting on Maize Matter Production and Distribution in Ningxia Irrigation Area

LI Zhenming1,2(), XIANG Feng1,2,3, JIN Xin4, JIN Long4, HA Dongxing5, ZHU Zhiming6, MA Xiaomin1,2, ZHAO Rulang1(), WANG Yonghong1   

  1. 1 Institute of Agricultural Crops Research, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750105, Ningxia, China
    2 Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
    3 Jinzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinzhou 121017, Liaoning, China
    4 Tongxin County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Tongxin 751399, Ningxia, China
    5 Qingtongxia Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Qingtongxia 751600, Ningxia, China
    6 Ningxia General Station of Agricultural Technology Extension, Yinchuan 750001, Ningxia, China
  • Received:2023-09-12 Revised:2024-01-09 Online:2024-09-18 Published:2024-09-18

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摘要：

本研究探讨了位于宁夏灌区的大豆玉米带状复合种植模式对玉米物质生产与分配的影响。试验涉及4种在当地示范种植的带状复合种植模式：大豆玉米S3:M2、S4:M2、S3:M4、S4:M4，对照为单作玉米(M)。玉米供试品种为‘先玉1225’，大豆供试品种为‘中黄30’，玉米种植密度8.25万株/hm2，大豆种植密度15万株/hm2。结果显示，相较于单作玉米，带状复合种植模式下，玉米成熟期单株干物质减少了7.9%~30.4%，S3:M4影响最小，S4:M2影响最大；成熟期干物质总量减少了4.3%~42.7%。成熟期雌穗干物质分配减少0.5%~40.5%，S3:M4影响最小，S4:M2影响最大。玉米产量减产25.1%~41.4%，收获有效穗数减少4.2%~14.9%，千粒重减少0.5%~3.6%，单穗粒数减少5.2%~10.8%。综上所述，大豆玉米带状复合种植模式相较于单种玉米，雌穗的干物质减少，在吐丝期雌穗干物质积累开始减少，产量降低。这些发现对于优化大豆玉米带状复合种植模式在农业生产上的应用具有重要的实践意义。

关键词: 大豆玉米, 带状复合种植, 物质生产, 物质分配

Abstract:

To study the effect of banded composite planting pattern on maize material production and distribution in Ningxia irrigation area. This study explored the impact of the soybean-corn strip compound planting model located in the Ningxia irrigated area on the production and distribution of corn matter. Four kinds of strip composite planting patterns demonstrated and planted in Ningxia were selected for the experiment, soybean-corn S3:M2, S4:M2, S3:M4, S4:M4, with the control being monoculture corn (M). The maize test varieties was ‘Xianyu 1225’, the soybean varieties for test was ‘Zhonghuang 30’, the maize planting density was 82500 plants/hm2, and the soybean planting density was 150000 plants/hm2. The test results showed that compared with monoculture corn, the dry matter of corn planted in strip composite planting at maturity was reduced by 7.9%-30.4% per plant, with the smallest effect of S3:M4 and the largest effect of S4:M2; the total dry matter at maturity was reduced by 4.3%-42.7%. The dry matter allocation of female ears at maturity was reduced by 0.5% to 40.5%, with S3:M4 having the smallest effect and S4:M2 having the largest effect. Corn yield was reduced by 25.1% to 41.4%, the number of ears harvested decreased by 4.2% to 14.9%, thousand kernel weights decreased by 0.5% to 3.6%, and the number of grains per ear decreased by 5.2% to 10.8%. Soybean-corn strip composite planting pattern had less dry matter in the female ears than corn alone, and the accumulation of dry matter in the female ears at the spatula stage began to decrease, and the yield was reduced.

Key words: soybean corn, strip compound planting, matter production, material distribution