关键词: 保水剂, 保水剂, 凝胶, 杨树, 根系特性, 土壤酶活性

Abstract: The aim is to select new biological and chemical fungicides and formulations for controlling the grape downy mildew scientifically. The indoor spore germination and field control were used to compare the inhibition and control effect of five biological fungicides and five chemical fungicides on grape downy mildew. Five biological fungicides showed certain inhibitory effects on sporangium germination. Control effect of pyamidine nucleotide bacteriophages (4%, AS diluted by 1000 times) and hartz trichoderma (3×108 CFU/g, WP diluted by 200 times) were all over 50% in prevention trial after 3 times’application; however, the treatment results were less than 50%. Among the five chemical fungicides, oxathiapiprolin (10%, OD diluted by 3000 times), dimethomorph (80%, WDG diluted by 2000 times), mandipropamid (23.4%, SC diluted by 1500 times), and pyraclostrobin (250 g/L, EC diluted by 2000 times) showed a better inhibitory effect on spore germination, and had better control effect in prevention and treatment trials in field, but azoxystrobin (250 g/L SC diluted by 2000 times) had bad control effect in field. The pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotic and hartz trichoderma should be applied before the onset and could shorten the control cycle effectively. Except pyraclostrobin, the remaining four new chemical fungicides or new formulations showed better prevention and treatment effect in field against grape downy mildew, and oxathiapiprolin had a longer duration and was of promotion value.