啶酰菌胺对向日葵核盘菌生物活性的影响

doi:10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191000226

农学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (1): 71-74.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191000226

所属专题：油料作物

• 农业工程/农业机械/生物技术/食品科学 • 上一篇下一篇

啶酰菌胺对向日葵核盘菌生物活性的影响

张海洋¹(), 李海燕¹(), 孟庆林², 何超群³, 潘文瀚¹, 徐晶宇¹()

¹黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江大庆 163319
²黑龙江省农科院植物保护研究所,哈尔滨 150000
³黑龙江福瑞种业有限公司,哈尔滨 150000

收稿日期:2019-10-25 修回日期:2019-11-13 出版日期:2021-01-20 发布日期:2021-02-05
通讯作者: 李海燕,徐晶宇 E-mail:ZhangHaiyang_Betty163.com;byndlihy@126.com;xujingyu2003@hotmail.com
作者简介:张海洋,女,1995年出生,内蒙古赤峰人,在读硕士,研究方向:向日葵菌核病化学防治。通信地址:163319 黑龙江省大庆市高新区新风路5号黑龙江八一农垦大学,Tel:0459-6819182,E-mail:ZhangHaiyang_Betty163.com。
基金资助:
国家特色油料产业技术体系“细菌病害防控”(CARS-14-1-20)

Effect of Biological Activity of Boscalid on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of Sunflower

Zhang Haiyang¹(), Li Haiyan¹(), Meng Qinglin², He Chaoqun³, Pan Wenhan¹, Xu Jingyu¹()

¹College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
²Institute of Plant Protection, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang, China
³Heilongjiang Furui Seed Industry Co., Ltd., Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang, China

Received:2019-10-25 Revised:2019-11-13 Online:2021-01-20 Published:2021-02-05
Contact: Li Haiyan,Xu Jingyu E-mail:ZhangHaiyang_Betty163.com;byndlihy@126.com;xujingyu2003@hotmail.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在明确新型杀菌剂啶酰菌胺对向日葵核盘菌生物活性的影响,为其推广应用提供科学依据。以向日葵核盘菌菌丝、孢子和菌核为试材,采用生物测定方法测定啶酰菌胺对向日葵核盘菌菌丝生长、孢子萌发及菌核形成的影响。研究结果表明,啶酰菌胺处理后的核盘菌菌丝生长速率受到抑制,其抑制菌丝生长的EC₅₀为0.2152 μg/mL。随杀菌剂浓度的升高,核盘菌菌丝生长量明显下降,浓度为16.667 μg/mL时,对核盘菌形成菌核数量的抑制率达到84.62%,对核盘菌形成菌核总干重的抑制率达到61.07%。孢子萌发试验结果表明,啶酰菌胺处理后子囊孢子萌发受到抑制,其抑制子囊孢子萌发的EC₅₀为0.056 μg/mL。在浓度为0.267 μg/mL时,孢子芽管伸长抑制率达到78.15%。啶酰菌胺不仅对核盘菌菌丝生长有抑制作用,还可以降低子囊孢子的侵入、阻止子囊孢子萌发形成的芽管在植物组织的继续侵染,有效降低田间土壤中菌核残留量。对向日葵菌核病的防治前景十分广阔,可以作为田间防治向日葵菌核病的轮换药剂。

关键词: 向日葵菌核病, 啶酰菌胺, 核盘菌, 菌丝生长, 孢子萌发

Abstract:

The aims are to clarify the effect of the new fungicide boscalid on the biological activity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and provide a scientific basis for its promotion and application. In this research, we used the hyphae, spores and sclerotia as test samples. Bioassay method was used to confirm the effect of boscalid on mycelial growth, spore germination and sclerotia formation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The results showed that the mycelial growth rate of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum treated with boscalid was inhibited; the EC₅₀ was 0.2152 μg/mL. With the increase of germicide concentration, the mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum decreased significantly. When the concentration was 16.667μg/mL, the inhibition rate of sclerotia formation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum reached 84.62%, and the inhibition rate of total dry weight of sclerotia formation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum reached 61.07%. The result of spore germination test showed that the germination of ascospores was inhibited after being treated with boscalid, and the EC₅₀ was 0.056 μg/mL. The inhibition rate of spore germ tube elongation reached 78.15% at the concentration of 0.267 μg/mL. The boscalid not only inhibits the mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, but also reduces the invasion of ascospores, and prevents the germ cells formed by the germination of ascospores from infecting the plant tissues continuously, which effectively reduces the residual amount of sclerotia in field soil. It has a very broad prospect for the prevention and treatment of sunflower sclerotinia, and can be used as a rotation agent for controlling sunflower sclerotinia in field.

Key words: Sclerotinia Rot of Sunflower, Boscalid, Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum, Hyphal Growth, Spore Germination

中图分类号:

S435.655

张海洋, 李海燕, 孟庆林, 何超群, 潘文瀚, 徐晶宇. 啶酰菌胺对向日葵核盘菌生物活性的影响[J]. 农学学报, 2021, 11(1): 71-74.

Zhang Haiyang, Li Haiyan, Meng Qinglin, He Chaoqun, Pan Wenhan, Xu Jingyu. Effect of Biological Activity of Boscalid on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of Sunflower[J]. Journal of Agriculture, 2021, 11(1): 71-74.

图/表 3

参考文献 24

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浓度/(μg/mL)	菌落直径/cm	菌丝生长抑制率/%	菌丝生长量/g	生长量抑制率/%
16.667	0.489fF	91.69	0.054fF	55.47
3.333	0.957eE	83.74	0.063eE	48.00
0.667	1.482dD	74.83	0.075dD	38.11
0.133	2.507cC	57.42	0.102cC	15.50
0.027	4.311bB	26.78	0.115bB	5.37
对照	5.8875aA	-	0.1213aA	–

浓度/(μg/mL)	菌落直径/cm	菌丝生长抑制率/%	菌丝生长量/g	生长量抑制率/%
16.667	0.489fF	91.69	0.054fF	55.47
3.333	0.957eE	83.74	0.063eE	48.00
0.667	1.482dD	74.83	0.075dD	38.11
0.133	2.507cC	57.42	0.102cC	15.50
0.027	4.311bB	26.78	0.115bB	5.37
对照	5.8875aA	-	0.1213aA	–

浓度/(μg/mL)	菌核数量		菌核干重
浓度/(μg/mL)	数量/个	抑制率/%	干重/g	抑制率/%
16.667	2.50cC	84.62%aA	0.006fF	61.07%aA
3.333	9.00bB	44.61%bB	0.025eE	48.10%bB
0.667	9.75bAB	40.00%bBC	0.040dD	36.02%cC
0.133	10.50bAB	35.39%bBC	0.054cC	22.15%dD
0.027	13.25aA	18.46%cC	0.068Bb	5.15%eE
对照	16.25 aA	—	0.112aA	—

浓度/(μg/mL)	菌核数量		菌核干重
浓度/(μg/mL)	数量/个	抑制率/%	干重/g	抑制率/%
16.667	2.50cC	84.62%aA	0.006fF	61.07%aA
3.333	9.00bB	44.61%bB	0.025eE	48.10%bB
0.667	9.75bAB	40.00%bBC	0.040dD	36.02%cC
0.133	10.50bAB	35.39%bBC	0.054cC	22.15%dD
0.027	13.25aA	18.46%cC	0.068Bb	5.15%eE
对照	16.25 aA	—	0.112aA	—

浓度/(μg/mL)	对孢子萌发的抑制		对芽管长度的抑制
浓度/(μg/mL)	萌发率/%	孢子萌发抑制率/%	芽管长度/μm	芽管伸长抑制率/%
0.267	9.67fF	88.25	145.14fF	78.15
0.133	15.33eE	81.38	207.90eE	68.70
0.067	31.67dD	61.53	322.20dD	51.49
0.033	60.67cC	26.31	415.90cC	37.38
0.017	72.67bB	11.73	525.65bB	20.85
对照	82.33aA	—	664.16aA	—

啶酰菌胺对向日葵核盘菌生物活性的影响

Effect of Biological Activity of Boscalid on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of Sunflower

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