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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (11): 1-4.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0018

• 农艺科学/生理生化 •    下一篇

耐盐碱早熟水稻品种优质高效水直播栽培技术规程

侯红燕1(), 董晓亮1, 周红1, 张茂林2, 金丁坤1, 魏立兴3()   

  1. 1东营市一邦农业科技开发有限公司，山东东营 257000
    2东营市原硕农业有限公司，山东东营 257000
    3东营市农业科学研究院，山东东营 257000
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-25 修回日期:2021-05-13 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2023-01-11
  • 通讯作者: 魏立兴 E-mail:monkeyaner@163.com;weilixingnky@126.com
  • 作者简介:侯红燕，女，1986年出生，河南濮阳人，工程师，硕士，主要从事耐盐碱水稻栽培技术研究。通信地址：257000 山东省东营市东营区府前大街与滨州路交汇 华利大厦A座1416，E-mail：monkeyaner@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省重点研发计划“盐碱地优质水稻减肥增效技术研究与示范”(2019QYTPY031);山东省农业良种工程“优质耐盐粳稻绿色高效生产技术示范与应用”(2019LZGC003);山东省外专双百计划“黄河三角洲盐碱地水稻绿色高效产业化”(WSG2019027);黄河三角洲产业领军人才“盐碱地优质食味水稻产业化关键技术创新与集成示范”。

Saline-alkali Tolerant and Early-maturing Rice Varieties: Technical Regulation of High-quality and High-efficiency Water Direct Seeding Cultivation

HOU Hongyan1(), DONG Xiaoliang1, ZHOU Hong1, ZHANG Maolin2, JIN Dingkun1, WEI Lixing3()   

  1. 1Dongying Yibang Agriculture Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Dongying 257000, Shandong, China
    2Dongying Yuanshuo Agriculture Co., Ltd., Dongying 257000, Shandong, China
    3Dongying Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dongying 257000, Shandong, China
  • Received:2021-01-25 Revised:2021-05-13 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2023-01-11
  • Contact: WEI Lixing E-mail:monkeyaner@163.com;weilixingnky@126.com

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摘要：

旨在获得生育期在120天左右的耐盐碱早熟水稻品种的优质、高产栽培技术，进行优质高效水直播栽培技术研究。以早熟粳稻水稻品种‘吉宏6号’为试验材料，利用3‰~6‰中度盐碱地大田耕平地、灌排水、浸种播种、病虫草害防治、施肥最佳模式进行交叉试验。经过3年的试验研究，得出耐盐碱早熟水稻品种优质高效水直播技术规程。该规程规定了滨海盐碱地水稻优质高效水直播栽培技术，规定了生育期120天的优质水稻种质质量及浸种技术、春季深翻耕平地技术要求，规定了播种期、出苗期、分蘖期、长穗期、结实期对灌排水、地下害虫防治、草害防治、病害防治、施肥管理的技术规程，规定了蜡熟末期、晚熟初期的适时收获标准，规定了水稻脱粒、运输及仓储要求。该技术规程，无需泡田，节约用水量达50%；晚播将灌浆期控制在9月中旬，有效地防止鸟害；适时收获，能显著提高水稻的食味品质。

关键词: 滨海盐碱地, 耐盐碱早熟水稻, 水直播, 关键技术

Abstract:

The study aims to obtain high-quality and high-yield cultivation techniques of saline-alkali tolerant and early-maturing rice varieties with the growth period about 120 days under water direct seeding cultivation. Taking early-maturing japonica rice variety ‘Jihong No.6’ as the experimental material, the cross test was conducted with irrigation and drainage, seed soaking and sowing, pest and weed control and the best mode of fertilization in 3‰-6‰ moderate saline-alkali soil. After three years of experimental research, the technical regulations of high-quality and high-efficiency water direct seeding of early-maturing rice varieties with saline-alkali tolerance were obtained. The regulation stipulated (1) the high-quality and high-efficiency water direct seeding cultivation technology in coastal saline-alkali land; (2) the quality of high-quality rice germplasm with 120 days of growth period, and the technical requirements of soaking seed and deep ploughing in spring; (3) the technical regulations of irrigation and drainage, underground pest control, grass pest control, disease control and fertilization management in sowing, emergence, tillering, long panicle and seed setting stages; (4) the standard of timely harvest at the end of wax ripening and the early stage of late ripening; and (5) the requirements of threshing, transportation and storage of rice. According to the technical specification, there is no need to soak the field, and the water consumption could be saved up to 50%. Late sowing could control the grain filling period in mid-September and effectively prevent bird damage. Timely harvest can significantly improve the eating quality of rice.

Key words: coastal saline-alkali land, saline-alkali tolerant and early-maturing rice, water direct seeding, key technology

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