关键词: 生态安全评价, 生态安全评价, 动态分析, 预警, 绿色发展。

Abstract: Ar Horqin Banner has vast prairie area, which is the important breeding base of cow and sheep. And the climate is suitable for growing oat. The artificial grasslands of alfalfa and green mass of oat have developed rapidly in recent years. The aim of this study was to better solve the problem of oat production in this area, and accurately get the picture of oat cultivation and its economic benefits. The artificial grassland of the oat production was investigated and the different methods’influence on the planting of green mass of oat was studied. The results were as follows: (1) Oat could be used as the protect crop in sand. The oat root crop could reduce soil erosion and cover the soil surface on the severe desertification grassland. It could avoid sand erosion of alfalfa seeds and ensure the seedlings completing, uniformity and robustness of alfalfa planted in the oat root crop field. And oat could be used as protecting crop and planted with alfalfa. Alfalfa planting time could be ahead of schedule for two months, so green mass of oat and alfalfa could be harvested once a year to improve the overall benefits. (2) Oats could be used as rotation crop of alfalfa. The artificial grasslands planted alfalfa, but the grass yield began to drop when the clover entered high yield period, so timely crop rotation with oat was needed. (3) The grazing grassland could be built with a mixed type of oat and alfalfa forage planting. The mixed seeding of oat and alfalfa was a mature technology at home and abroad. The grazing grassland could be built by mix-sowing of Medicago and Bromus inermis, and economic benefits could be obtained in that very year. (4) Oat and hay were the high grade forage grasses of animal husbandry, and their seed was the high quality feed for livestock. Oat could grow in various soil type blocks and suitable varieties should be chosen according to the planting time and environment, in order to obtain high economic benefits. (5) Grass with oat planting had considerable benefits. Oat was the eco-friendly crop. The time of early cutting was from elongation stage to flowering stage, twice one year. The first stubble was 5-8 cm, usually produced grass of 22500- 30000 kg/hm2. The hay or silage making grass should be cut in the milk stage and the ripening period, generally produced grass of 30000-45000 kg/hm2, and hay of 9000-13500 kg/hm2. The average yield of two-season planting was 15000-24000 yuan/hm2, one season planting of oat in areas which were not suitable for alfalfa could have 7500-13500 yuan/hm2 income. Currently, the inputs of planting oat were lower than that of other crops, for example corn, peas, alfalfa and forage crops. The harvest time was also different. So the benefit of oat planting was underestimated by simple comparison of the planting benefit. To increase the input of water and fertilizer in oat planting and standardize the planting practices could raise the economic benefits of oat planting remarkably.