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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (3): 31-36.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16100001

所属专题： 农业工程； 园艺

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

农作制度对设施草莓土壤化学性状的影响

朱伟锋,倪治华,陆若辉,杜叶红   

  1. 浙江省农业技术推广中心,浙江省农业技术推广中心,浙江省农业技术推广中心,浙江省种植业管理局
  • 收稿日期:2016-10-01 修回日期:2016-11-07 接受日期:2016-11-24 出版日期:2017-03-27 发布日期:2017-03-27
  • 通讯作者: 朱伟锋 E-mail:zhuweifeng@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    农业部测土配方施肥项目

Effects of Cropping Systems on Chemical Properties of Protected Soils Cultivated with Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)

  • Received:2016-10-01 Revised:2016-11-07 Accepted:2016-11-24 Online:2017-03-27 Published:2017-03-27

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摘要： 为了解长期种植设施草莓土壤化学性状的特点及其与农作制度的关系,[方法]在浙江省范围内采集草莓-水稻与草莓-蔬菜二种种植制度下的代表性设施草莓土壤,比较分析了二种种植制度下设施草莓土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁及pH值、电导率等化学指标。[结果]结果表明,浙江省设施草莓土壤盐分积累不明显,电导率较低,但土壤酸化显著；土壤有机质以中低等水平为主,平均为23.9 g/kg；全氮处于中高水平,平均为1.5 g/kg；土壤有效磷积累显著,平均高达142.1 mg/kg；速效钾处于中等水平,平均为122.9 mg/kg；交换性钙处于较高水平,平均为1235.5 mg/kg；交换性镁处于较低水平,平均为72.0 mg/kg。草莓-水稻与草莓-蔬菜二种种植制度下设施草莓土壤化学性状存在一定的差异,前者土壤电导率、有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾分别比后者低106.5μS/m、3.4 g/kg、0.6 g/kg、128.7 mg/kg和137.0 mg/kg；但土壤pH值前者比后者高0.1个单位。[结论]研究认为,草莓-水稻种植制度下有利于缓解设施草莓土壤因长期过量施用化肥引起的土壤酸化,减免氮、磷等养分的过度积累等问题。

关键词: 农村土地整治, 农村土地整治, 项目管理体系 霍尔三维结构

Abstract: (Objective) In order to understand the characteristics of soils with long-term cultivation of strawberry and their relationships with two different cropping systems, (Method) typical soil samples were collected from farm with strawberry-rice rotation or strawberry-vegetable rotation in Zhejiang province. Chemical properties, including total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, exchangeable calcium and magnesium, pH, and electrical conductivity, of the soils from the two cropping systems were measured and compared. (Result)The results showed that electrical conductivity of the soils were generally low, suggesting no obvious salt accumulation in the soils. In contrast, acidification of the soils was significant. Organic matter in the soils was mainly at the low-medium levels with an average of 23.9 g/kg. Nitrogen in the soils was generally high with an average of 1.5 g/kg. Available phosphorus accumulated significantly in the soils, its averaged concentration was 122.9 mg/kg. Available potassium in the soils was at a medium level, with an average of 122.9 mg/kg. Exchangeable calcium was at a high level with an average of 1235.5 mg/kg, and exchangeable magnesium was at a low level with an average of 72 mg/kg. Significant differences were observed in the chemical properties of the soils between strawberry-rice and strawberry-vegetable cropping systems. Electrical conductivity, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the soils of strawberry-rice cropping system were 106.5μS/m, 3.4 g/kg, 0.6 g/kg, 128.7 mg/kg, and 137.0 mg/kg respectively, which were lower than those of strawberry-vegetable cropping system. But the soil pH value of the former was 0.1 units higher than the latter. (Conclusion)It was concluded that the strawberry-rice cropping system was helpful to relieve the acidification of the soils cultivated with strawberry due to long-term excessive application of chemical fertilizers, and to reduce excessive accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soils.