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农学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (5): 10-14.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas18090004

• 农艺科学 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

长期定点连作及单序轮作处理对旱地谷子的光合特性、根系构型和产量的影响

卢成达   

  1. 山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-05 修回日期:2019-01-22 接受日期:2019-01-22 出版日期:2019-05-21 发布日期:2019-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 卢成达 E-mail:luchengda
  • 基金资助:
    项目来源:山西省重点研发计划重点项目 项目名称:旱作农田轮作休耕与土壤生态及绿色生产效应研究 项目编号: 201703D211002-4 项目来源:山西省农业科学院技术攻关课题 项目名称:旱地春谷长期定点连作障碍研究 项目编号:YGG17121 项目来源:山西省农业科学院农业科技成果转化与示范推广项目 项目名称:旱地优质谷子新品种示范推广 项目编号:2018CGZH-33-1 项目来源:国家科技支撑计划课题 项目名称:谷子优质高产高效生产技术集成研究与示范 项目编号:2014BAD07B01 项目来源:山西省农业科学院博士基金项目 项目名称:山西省主要谷子种质特性分析与相关研究发展态势研究 项目编号:YBSJJ1602

Long-term Continuous and Rotation Cropping: Effect on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Roots Configuration and Yield of Dry-land Millet

  • Received:2018-09-05 Revised:2019-01-22 Accepted:2019-01-22 Online:2019-05-21 Published:2019-05-21

摘要: 针对旱地谷子生产中连作障碍现象严重,本研究设置长期定位试验田(2006年至今),测定长期定点连作及单序轮作种植制度中谷子的光合特性、根系构型和产量效应,以期为旱地谷子连作障碍研究提供理论依据。结果表明,轮作种植模式中谷子产量、叶片的叶绿素含量及净光合速率较长期定点连作分别增加了22.02%、20.58%、15.34%,均显著高于长期定点连作种植模式。相比于连作处理,轮作种植使谷子根系在不同直径范围内生长发育状况更好,根系的比根长、比表面积、根体积与根尖密度均较长期定点连作处理显著升高(0.5 mm≤直径≤1.0 mm:各指标分别增加了92.17%、62.94%、72.73%、75.08%,直径≥1.0mm:各指标分别增加了 44.09%、86.32%、86.37%、181.71%)。综上,本研究发现,轮作会改善谷子叶片的光合指标参数及根系发育指标参数,减轻连作障碍,提高产量。

关键词: 刺五加, 刺五加, 土体特征, 化学性状, 土壤适宜性

Abstract: This study aims to provide theoretical and technical support for overcoming the continuous cropping obstacles of millet and achieving sustainable production of farmland in dryland areas. Comparing annual single- order rotations cropping with long- term continuous cropping, the effects on the photosynthetic characteristics, root configuration and yield of dry-land millet are studied. The results show that the rotation cropping increases the yield, leaf chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate by 22.02%, 20.58% and 15.34% , respectively, which are significantly higher than that of the continuous cropping. Compared with continuous cropping, the rotation cropping significantly improves the growth of root with different diameter ranges, it obviously increases the specific root length (SRL), specific root surface area (SRA), root volume and root tip density in different diameter ranges (0.5 ≤mmdiameter≤1.0 mm: every index increases by 92.17%, 62.94% , 72.73% , 75.08% , respectively, diameter ≥1.0 mm: every index increases by 44.09% , 86.32% , 86.37% , 181.71% ). It is concluded that the rotation cropping could enhance the photosynthetic index parameters and root index parameters, alleviate the obstacle of continuous cropping and thus increase the millet yield.