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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (1): 13-18.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0282

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南德宏山地玉米草地贪夜蛾田间药效试验

李学梅1(), 丁家盛1, 张碧胜2,3, 岳元保1, 张培花1, 银馨1, 张晓梅2,3, 陈以相2,3(), 王根权1()   

  1. 1 云南省德宏州植保植检站，云南芒市 678400
    2 云南省德宏州农业技术推广中心，云南芒市 678400
    3 云南省德宏州农业科学研究所，云南芒市 678400
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-26 修回日期:2024-03-26 出版日期:2025-01-13 发布日期:2025-01-13
  • 通讯作者:
    陈以相，男，1990年出生，云南腾冲人，高级农艺师，硕士研究生，主要从事农作物病虫害研究，E-mail：；
    王根权，男，1981年出生，云南腾冲人，高级农艺师，本科，主要从事植保技术推广与应用，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    李学梅，女，1989年出生，云南大理人，农艺师，硕士研究生，主要从事植物保护工作。通信地址：678400 云南省德宏州芒市新建路90号，Tel：0692-2121380，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    云南省乡村振兴科技专项项目“州市区域创新能力提升专项”(2060499); 德宏州“三区”科技人才项目“2021年‘三区’科技人才支持计划中央补助资金”(德财教〔2022〕97号)

Field Efficacy Tests of Spodoptera frugiperda on Mountainous Corn Plants in Dehong of Yunnan Province

LI Xuemei1(), DING Jiasheng1, ZHANG Bisheng2,3, YUE Yuanbao1, ZHANG Peihua1, YIN Xin1, ZHANG Xiaomei2,3, CHEN Yixiang2,3(), WANG Genquan1()   

  1. 1 Dehong Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Yunnan Province, Mangshi Yunnan 678400
    2 Dehong Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Yunnan Province, Mangshi Yunnan 678400
    3 Dehong Agricultural Sciences Research Institute of Yunnan Province, Mangshi Yunnan 678400
  • Received:2023-12-26 Revised:2024-03-26 Online:2025-01-13 Published:2025-01-13

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摘要：

探究农药减量增效的植保实践方案，为玉米虫害有效防治提供理论依据。试验调查了云南德宏芒市勐戛镇山地玉米上草地贪夜蛾发生为害的情况，采用植保无人机和背负式电动喷雾器对玉米田草地贪夜蛾进行了5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和15%茚虫威2种农药的药效试验。草地贪夜蛾幼虫在玉米全生育期内均可发生为害，玉米不同生育期的被害株率、被害指数、百株虫量和不同虫龄比例均表现为差异极显著，草地贪夜蛾在玉米大喇叭口期为害最重。2种不同施药模式下5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和15%茚虫威对玉米田草地贪夜蛾发生有显著的影响，施药后3~14 d玉米的被害株率、被害指数均呈显著减小的变化趋势。2种不同施药模式下同种药剂对草地贪夜蛾的相对防效无显著性差异，但采用植保无人机施药具有省工、省时、省药的优势。草地贪夜蛾防治对玉米增产具有积极的作用，不同试验处理下参试品种‘云瑞62’的产量均显著提高，较对照处理增产25.28%~28.93%。综上所述，在草地贪夜蛾的大面积统防统治上推荐应用无人机飞防喷雾技术来保护植物，另外还需要开展全面普查和实施田间管理实践以防止玉米虫害爆发，这些措施对于实现作物高产稳产尤为重要，今后要注重加强该技术集成、示范和推广应用。

关键词: 山地玉米, 草地贪夜蛾, 田间药效试验, 植保无人机

Abstract:

To establish a solid theoretical foundation for the efficient management of insect pests in corn crops, practical plant protection strategies that reduce the amount of pesticides should be explored. A study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of Spodoptera frugiperda on maize in the mountainous area of Mengga Town, Mangshi City, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Two types of pesticides, 5% emamectin benzoate and 15% indoxacarb, were tested on Spodoptera frugiperda in corn fields using plant protection drones and knapsack electric sprayers. Spodoptera frugiperda larvae can cause damage in the whole growth period of maize, and the infestation rate, damage index, number of insects per 100 plants, and the proportion of different insect ages in different growth stages of maize are significant different, and Spodoptera frugiperda is the most harmful in the big bell stage of maize. Two different methods of applying 5% emamectin benzoate and 15% indoxacarb had a significant impact on the incidence of Spodoptera frugiperda in maize fields. The damage rate and index of maize also showed a significant decrease between 3 to 14 days after application. There was no significant difference in the relative control efficacy of the same pesticide against Spodoptera frugiperda under two different methods. Still, the use of plant protection drones pesticide application had the advantages of labor-saving, time-saving, and pesticide-saving. Spodoptera frugiperda control had a positive effect on increasing the production of maize in the yield, and the experimental treatments results showed a significant increase in yield of the test variety 'Yunrui 62', with 25.28% to 28.93% production increase compared to the control treatment. In total, it is recommended to use UAVs equipped with anti-spray technology to protect plants during large-scale Spodoptera frugiperda control. Additionally, it's important to conduct thorough investigations and implement field management practices to prevent corn insect infestations, which are crucial for achieving high and stable crop yields. It's important to focus on integrating, demonstrating, and promoting the use of this technology in the future.

Key words: mountainous corn, Spodoptera frugiperda, field efficacy tests, plant protection drone