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农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (11): 58-64.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0143

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

伊犁河谷地区樱桃园夏季杂草调查及防控建议

郭子轩1,2(), 吕风顺1, 包建红1,2()   

  1. 1 伊犁师范大学生物科学与技术学院,新疆伊宁 835000
    2 新疆薰衣草资源保护与利用重点实验室,新疆伊宁 835000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-16 修回日期:2025-03-18 出版日期:2025-11-19 发布日期:2025-11-19
  • 通讯作者:
    包建红,女,1994年出生,甘肃武威人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事栽培和绿色防控技术研究。通信地址:835000 新疆维吾尔自治区伊犁哈萨克自治州伊宁市解放西路448号 伊犁师范大学,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    郭子轩,男,1994年出生,新疆伊犁人,讲师,硕士,主要从事作物高产理论研究。通信地址:835000 新疆维吾尔自治区伊犁哈萨克自治州伊宁市解放西路448号 伊犁师范大学,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    伊犁师范大学/河谷资源植物保护与利用重点实验室资助项目“多种矮化苹果在伊犁河谷的生态适应性研究”(2023HGZD01)

Survey and Prevention and Control Suggestions for Summer Weeds in Cherry Orchards in Ili River Valley

GUO Zixuan1,2(), LYU Fengshun1, BAO Jianhong1,2()   

  1. 1 College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang 835000
    2 Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Lavender Resources, Yining, Xinjiang 835000
  • Received:2024-07-16 Revised:2025-03-18 Online:2025-11-19 Published:2025-11-19

摘要:

为明确伊犁河谷地区樱桃园杂草发生种类和优势种群结构,采用倒置“W”九点取样法,于2022年4月和7月对杂草种类进行调查。结果表明,该地区樱桃园内夏季杂草共有37种,隶属于17科34属,其中禾本科杂草4种、占10.8%,阔叶杂草33种、占89.2%;阔叶杂草中,以菊科最多,有11种,占总种数的28.9%,豆科有4种、占10.8%。园区内以多年生杂草最多,有18种,占39.4%;越年生杂草次之,有15种,占40.54%;一年生杂草4种,占10.81%。当地樱桃园中有一般杂草4种、优势杂草25种,主要优势杂草有小蓬草、刺儿菜、狗尾草、藜、牛筋草、反枝苋、苦苣菜、蒲公英8种。根据调查结果提出了“春防、夏治、秋控”的综合治草对策,可通过覆盖物料、人工生草、自然生草等绿色生态防治措施对该区樱桃园杂草进行防控。

关键词: 伊犁河谷, 樱桃园, 杂草调查, 群落特征, 优势杂草, 防治策略, 生态防治

Abstract:

In order to identify the species and dominant population structure of weeds in cherry orchard in Ili River Valley Area, this study adopted the inverted "W"-shaped nine-point sampling method to investigate the weed species in April and July 2022. The results showed that there were 37 species of weeds, belonging to 17 families and 34 genera, among which 4 species (10.8%) were grasses and 33 species (89.2%) were broad-leaved weeds. Among the broad-leaved weeds, Asteraceae had the most species, with 11 species accounting for 28.9% of the total species, and Leguminosae had 4 species, accounting for 10.8%. There were 18 species of perennial weeds, accounting for 39.4%; 15 species of overyear weeds, accounting for 40.54%; 4 annual weeds, accounting for 10.81%. There are 4 kinds of common weeds and 25 kinds of dominant weeds in the local cherry orchard. The main dominant weeds include 8 species such as Conyza canadensis, Cirsium arvense var. integrifolium, Setaria viridis, Chenopodium album, Eleusine indica, Amaranthus retroflexus, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum mongolicum. Based on the results of investigation, this study proposed a comprehensive grass control strategy of "spring prevention, summer treatment and autumn control". Green ecological control measures such as covering with materials, artificial grass planting and natural grass growth can be adopted to control the weeds in the cherry orchard of this area.

Key words: Ili River Valley, cherry orchard, weed surveys, community characteristics, dominant weeds, control strategy, ecological prevention