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农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (12): 34-43.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0190

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤矿物组成与矿物学类型检索研究与展望

孙育强1(), 方竹1, 肖辉1, 任宏杰2, 王春风3, 李丹琳4, 赵燕娜5   

  1. 1 河北省耕地质量监测保护中心, 石家庄 050010
    2 河北省防止返贫监测中心, 石家庄 050000
    3 沧州滨海新区黄骅市农业农村发展局, 河北沧州 061100
    4 深州市农业农村局, 河北衡水 050000
    5 河北地质大学, 石家庄 050030
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-14 修回日期:2025-02-02 出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2025-12-16
  • 作者简介:

    孙育强,男,1973年出生,河北石家庄人,正高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事耕地质量保护提升工作。通信地址:050010 河北省石家庄市中华南大街48号 河北省耕地质量监测保护中心,Tel:0311-66650765,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    2023年中央和省级财政部分农业转移支付项目“2023年河北省第三次全国土壤普查项目”(冀农财发〔2023〕1号)

Research and Prospect of Soil Mineral Component and Mineralogical Type Retrieval

SUN Yuqiang1(), FANG Zhu1, XIAO Hui1, REN Hongjie2, WANG Chunfeng3, LI Danlin4, ZHAO Yanna5   

  1. 1 Hebei Province Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Protection Center, Shijiazhuang 050010
    2 Hebei Poverty Prevention Monitoring Center, Shijiazhuang 050000
    3 Huanghua City Agriculture and Rural Development Bureau of Cangzhou Binhai New Distric, Cangzhou, Hebei 061100
    4 Shenzhou City Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Hengshui, Hebei 053800
    5 Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050030
  • Received:2024-10-14 Revised:2025-02-02 Online:2025-12-20 Published:2025-12-16

摘要:

回顾中国有关土壤矿物组成与矿物学类型研究的历史与现状,探索研究热点与难点,为土壤发生分类或系统分类,科学、准确、便捷地判断确定土壤矿物学类型提供参考。采用文献计量学方法,查询CNKI数据库,收集1950年1月1日—2024年5月1日有关土壤矿物组成与矿物学类型研究等方面的文献265篇,分析70多年来的研究方向、研究重点与方法、发展趋势及存在的问题。土壤矿物包含原生矿物和次生粘土矿物两大类,其组成受到母岩类型、环境气候及风化作用、成土时间等因素的影响,成分复杂、种类繁多。土壤矿物在土壤形成和演变过程中,对土壤质地、土壤生物化学特性、营养元素释放等有重要影响,土壤矿物组成对于土壤发生分类和土壤系统分类,都是重要的参考和依据。确定矿物学类型首先需要明确目标土壤控制层段以及颗粒大小级别,通过利用物理或化学方法测定主要矿物成分并分析其含量水平,综合判断特定控制层段内一定颗粒大小级别中某种主要矿物成分含量水平,最终决定目标土壤的矿物学类型。土壤矿物组成是土壤分类的重要判定指标,在直接测定矿物组成及其含量水平相关技术之外,探索并总结土壤中矿物组成与分布的特征规律,对简便快捷低成本地获得土壤矿物种类具有实践意义。

关键词: 文献计量学, CNKI数据库, 土壤矿物, 矿物学类型, 土壤系统分类

Abstract:

This paper reviews the history and present situation of research on soil mineral composition and mineralogical types in China, explores research hotspots and difficulties, and provides reference for scientific, accurate and convenient judgment and determination of soil mineralogical types in soil genetic classification or systematic classification. CNKI database was searched by bibliometric retrieval method and 265 articles on soil mineral composition and mineralogical types were collected. This paper analyzed the research direction, subject research focus and research methods, development trend and existing problems of such work over recent 70 years. Soil minerals contain primary minerals and secondary clay minerals, normally affected by parent rock types, environmental climates, weathering, formation time, and the soil composition is complex and varied. In the process of soil formation and evolution, soil minerals have an impact on soil texture, biochemical characteristics, nutrient released, etc. Soil mineral composition is an important reference and basis for both soil texture genetic classification and soil systematic classification. To determine the mineralogical type, it is necessary to define the target soil control layers and particle sizes first. On this premise, the main mineral components are determined and their content levels are analyzed by physical or chemical methods, and the mineralogical type of the target soil is finally determined by comprehensively judging the content level of major mineral components in a certain particle size level within the specific control layers. Soil mineral composition is an important index of soil classification. Besides the relevant techniques of direct determination of mineral composition and content levels, it is of practical significance to explore and summarize the characteristic of mineral composition and distribution in soils so as to obtain soil mineral species easily, rapidly and at low cost.

Key words: bibliometric, CNKI database, soil minerals, mineralogy type, soil taxonomy