欢迎访问《农学学报》,

农学学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (2): 21-24.

所属专题: 玉米

• 农艺科学 作物遗传育种 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

旱涝灾害对濮阳夏玉米的影响及防御对策

高翀 李汉浸   

  • 收稿日期:2013-09-09 修回日期:2013-11-10 出版日期:2014-02-20 发布日期:2014-02-20
  • 基金资助:
    河南省濮阳市政府“濮阳市粮食安全生产与现代农业气象防灾减灾和保障工程建设”

The Effect of Drought and Flood Disasters of Puyang Summer Corn and Defense Countermeasure

  • Received:2013-09-09 Revised:2013-11-10 Online:2014-02-20 Published:2014-02-20

摘要: 濮阳市夏玉米生育期间,旱、涝等气象灾害发生频繁,为了研究濮阳夏玉米生育期间的旱、涝等气象灾害对其生长发育和产量的影响,探讨旱、涝灾害的预防措施,对濮阳1953—2012年近60年干旱、涝灾等气象灾害进行了系统的统计分析,并探讨了不同程度灾害对夏玉米生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明,旱涝灾害对夏玉米生长和产量危害较大,往往会影响到夏玉米产量的丰、欠。濮阳1953—2012年60年间玉米产量典型气候欠年共19年,其中受干旱影响而减产的年份有12年,受涝灾影响的年份有7年。结论认为,濮阳夏玉米“旱、涝”灾害的缓解防御技术主要是对灾害的“避、抗、减、补”。不但要选优质品种,还应采用适时早播种、垄作栽培、中耕松土等耕作方式和管理措施,以便延长玉米生长期,积累更多的营养物质,增加光照时数,从而减少灾害对玉米生长发育和产量的影响;并有针对性地加强对旱涝气象灾害的监测、预警与防御,为确保夏玉米生产安全和防灾减灾提供有力的参考依据。

关键词: 越南金花茶, 越南金花茶, 嫁接, 亲和力

Abstract: Puyang City in summer maize growth period, drought, floods and other weather disasters occur frequently. In order to study during the growth of summer maize in Puyang drought, floods and other weather disasters on the growth and yield of the, study of drought, flood prevention measures; This paper made a systematic analysis on Puyang in 1953-2012, nearly 60 years of drought, floods and other weather disasters, and discussed the influence of different degree of the disaster on the growth and yield of summer maize. The results showed that, the drought and flood disasters on summer maize growth and yield harm was bigger, tend to affect the summer maize yield abundant, owe. Puyang 60 years 1953-2012 corn yield typical climate owe a total of 19 years, which affected by drought and years of production had 12 years, affected by the flooding year for seven years. Puyang summer corn "drought and waterlogging disasters mitigation defense technology was mainly to disasters preventing and resisting, subtract, fill". Raising our every generationquality varieties, still should be adopted timely early sowing, ridge tillage cultivation and intertillage farming practices and management measures, such as digging. In order to extend the corn growth period, to accumulate more nutrients, increase sunlight hours, thus reducing the disaster effect on maize growth and yield. And targeted to strengthen the monitoring, early warning of meteorological disasters and drought and defense, In order to ensure the summer corn production safety, and provides a powerful reference for disaster prevention and mitigation.