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农学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (10): 46-49.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20200200019

所属专题: 耕地保护

• 土壤肥料/资源环境/生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

浅谈耕地休耕模式及实现路径

赵敏(), 黄明镜, 赵聪, 黄学芳()   

  1. 山西农业大学山西有机旱作农业研究院/黄土高原东部旱作节水技术国家地方联合工程实验室/有机旱作山西省重点实验室,太原 030031
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-06 修回日期:2020-07-24 出版日期:2020-10-20 发布日期:2020-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 黄学芳 E-mail:13620649913@163.com;hxfwmf@163.com
  • 作者简介:赵敏,女,1991年出生,山西高平人,硕士研究生,主要从事旱地农业研究工作。通信地址:030031 山西省太原市小店区龙城大街81号4号楼 山西农业大学山西有机旱作农业研究院,E-mail: 13620649913@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西省重点研发计划重点项目“旱作农田轮作休耕与土壤生态及绿色生产效应研究”(201703D211002-4)

Cultivated Land: Fallow Models and Their Realizing Routes

Zhao Min(), Huang Mingjing, Zhao Cong, Huang Xuefang()   

  1. Shanxi Academy of Organic Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University/National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Water-saving Techniques for Dry Farming in the Eastern Loess Plateau/Organic Dry Farming of Shanxi Province Key Laboratory, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2020-02-06 Revised:2020-07-24 Online:2020-10-20 Published:2020-11-18
  • Contact: Huang Xuefang E-mail:13620649913@163.com;hxfwmf@163.com

摘要:

休耕制度是保障藏粮于地、藏粮于技战略具体实现的有效途径,对保障国家粮食安全具有重要战略意义。笔者详细归纳了美国、欧洲和日本休耕制度的提出背景以及休耕制度实施的具体方式和休耕补偿办法,并且分析了中国在资源匮乏地区、耕地破坏地区、生态薄弱区等区域耕地存在的独特性问题,以及相对应的科学改良措施和当前施行的休耕补贴政策。通过对比国外模式和分析国内现行休耕制度,笔者认为国内当前土地休耕应当大力发展预测模型,科学规划休耕区域,并且加强政府监督,改变当前的休耕补贴方式,刺激更多科研单位和商业公司加入到土地休耕的工作中。

关键词: 休耕制度, 耕地, 粮食安全, 休耕模式, 改良措施

Abstract:

Fallow system is an effective way to ensure the strategy of storing grain in land and technology, which s great strategic significance to the national food security. This paper summarized the background, specific implementation way and compensation method of the fallow system in United States, Europe and Japan, analyzed the uniqueness of cultivated land in resource-poor areas, destructed cultivated land areas, and weak ecological areas in China, and put forward corresponding improvement measures and fallow subsidy policies. By comparing the fallow models and analyzing the current domestic fallow system, the authors believe that the current domestic system should be enhanced by developing the prediction model, scientifically planning the fallow area, strengthening government supervision, changing current fallow subsidy mode, and motivating more research institutions and commercial companies to join in.

Key words: Fallow System, Cultivated Land, Food Security, Fallow Model, Improvement Measures

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