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农学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (6): 11-16.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0072

• 农艺科学 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

膜下滴灌种植关键水对冬马铃薯产量与质量的影响

尹亚敏1(), 孔维博1,2, 范春梅1, 彭尔瑞1()   

  1. 1 云南农业大学水利学院,昆明 650201
    2 中国能源建设集团云南省电力设计院有限公司,昆明 650201
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-12 修回日期:2022-08-15 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-06-15
  • 通讯作者: 彭尔瑞,女,1966年出生,云南文山人,教授,硕士研究生,主要从事农田水利与农业水土工程研究。通信地址:650201 云南省昆明市盘龙区云南农业大学,Tel:0871-65020649,E-mail:pengerru526@163.com
  • 作者简介:

    尹亚敏,女,1965年出生,云南昆明人,高级实验师,本科,主要从事水力学及生态水工研究。通信地址:650201 云南省昆明市盘龙区云南农业大学,Tel:0871-65020747,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目“节水灌溉对马铃薯及田间土壤水分的影响研究”(2014Y192)

Effect of Key Water in Drip Irrigation Under Plastic Film on Quality and Yield of Winter Potato

YIN Yamin1(), KONG Weibo1,2, FAN Chunmei1, PENG Errui1()   

  1. 1 College of Water Conservancy, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
    2 China Energy Construction Group Yunnan Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2022-06-12 Revised:2022-08-15 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-06-15

摘要:

云南冬马铃薯生育期为旱季,作物需水量难以得到充分保障,通过灌溉可以补充作物需水,但是灌水节点和灌水量对作物生长发育的影响尚不明确。试验通过膜下滴灌在齐苗期、开花期、淀粉积累期进行不同灌水处理,寻找最佳灌水时段和最优灌水量。结果表明:灌水时段选择齐苗期和开花期2次灌水,单次灌水量为72 m3/hm2时,冬马铃薯产量最高(58790 kg/hm2),商薯率最优(95.6%),经济效益最好(84059.71元/hm2)。通过试验证明,云南冬马铃薯灌水关键期为齐苗期和开花期,单次灌水量72 m3/hm2为冬马铃薯种植关键水的最佳灌水量。

关键词: 冬马铃薯, 膜下滴灌, 关键灌水量, 灌水关键期

Abstract:

The growth period of winter potato in Yunnan is in dry season, and the crop water demand is difficult to be fully guaranteed. Crop water demand can be supplemented by irrigation, but the impact of irrigation time and irrigation volume on crop growth and development is not clear. By using drip irrigation under film, different irrigation treatments were carried out at full seedling stage, flowering stage and starch accumulation stage of winter potato to find the optimum irrigation time and volume. The results showed that when the irrigation was carried out twice at full seedling stage and flowering stage and the irrigation amount was 72 m3/hm2 each time, the winter potato yield was the highest (58790 kg/hm2), the commercial potato rate was the best (95.6%), and the economic benefit was the optimal (84059.71 kg/hm2). The experiment verified that the critical irrigation period of winter potato in Yunnan is full seedling stage and flowering stage, and the irrigation amount of 72 m3/hm2 each time is the best irrigation amount of key water for winter potato cultivation.

Key words: winter potato, drip irrigation under film, critical irrigation amount, critical irrigation period