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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (11): 23-28.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0172

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

西南糯红高粱抗炭疽病资源筛选及病情危害研究

应恒1(), 张继伟2, 殷勇1, 张林1, 张德银1, 周俊辉1()   

  1. 1 四川省宜宾市农业科学院，四川宜宾 644000
    2 四川农业大学西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室，成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-13 修回日期:2023-03-30 出版日期:2023-11-20 发布日期:2023-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 周俊辉
  • 作者简介:

    应恒，男，1993年出生，籍贯四川宜宾，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向：酿酒高粱抗性育种。通信地址：644000 四川省宜宾市翠屏区西郊街道东风社区428号 宜宾市农业科学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技厅项目“突破性酿酒高粱育种材料和方法创新及新品种选育”(2021YFYZ0017); “高粱NLR家族抗病基因挖掘与利用”(2021YJ0485); 西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室开放课题“优质抗病高粱三系种质材料创制”(SKL-KF202209)

Screening of Anthracnose-resistant Resources and Study on Anthracnose Damage in Southwest Glutinous Red Sorghum

YING Heng1(), ZHANG Jiwei2, YIN Yong1, ZHANG Lin1, ZHANG Deyin1, ZHOU Junhui1()   

  1. 1 Yibin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yibin 644000, Sichuan, China
    2 State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2022-11-13 Revised:2023-03-30 Online:2023-11-20 Published:2023-11-15

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摘要：

明确西南高粱炭疽病病级与为害程度的关系，筛选出高粱抗炭疽病种质资源，为抗炭疽病育种奠定材料基础。通过人工培养炭疽病菌强致病力菌株ZG-FS-1进行大田喷雾接种，按病害分级标准进行分级以确定抗性等级。再与未接种组进行比对分析，得出粒重损失率以及发芽损失率。92份高粱资源中，有高抗(HR)资源10份，抗病(R)资源10份，中抗(MR)资源5份，感病(S)资源20份，高感(HS)资源47份。高抗(HR)资源、抗病(R)资源、中抗(MR)资源、感病(S)资源、高感(HS)资源穗粒重平均损失率分别为4.37%、6.69%、8.89%、34.12%和52.50%，千粒重平均损失率分别为1.81%、2.98%、5.59%、14.56%和28.89%，发芽率平均损失率分别为0.97%、5.40%、5.76%、11.11%和20.46%。高粱炭疽病不仅导致高粱大幅减产，还导致高粱种子发芽率降低。高粱炭疽病抗性可通过人工接种准确鉴定，筛选出的抗性资源可作为抗性遗传改良的育种材料。

关键词: 高粱, 炭疽病, 抗性鉴定, 穗粒重, 千粒重, 发芽率

Abstract:

To determine the relationship between the degree of anthracnose and damage, and to screen the germplasm resources of resistance to anthracnose of southwest glutinous red sorghum, so as to lay a material foundation for breeding resistance to anthracnose. Field spray inoculation was carried out by artificially cultured dominant strain ZG-FS-1 with strong virulence. After inoculation, the resistance level was determined according to disease classification standard. Compared with the uninoculated group, the loss rate of seed weight and germination were obtained. Among the 92 sorghum resources, 10 were highly resistant (HR), 10 were resistant (R), 5 were moderately resistant (MR), 20 were susceptible (S) and 47 were highly susceptible (HS).The average loss rate of spike grain weight of HR, R, MR, S and HS resources were 4.37%, 6.69%, 8.89%, 34.12% and 52.50%, respectively. The average loss rate of 1000-seed weight were 1.81%, 2.98%, 5.59%, 14.56%, 28.89%, and the average loss rate of germination rate were 0.97%, 5.40%, 5.76%, 11.11%, 20.46%, respectively. Sorghum anthracnose can not only greatly reduce the yield of sorghum, but also reduce the germination rate of sorghum seeds. The resistance to sorghum anthracnose could be accurately identified by artificial inoculation and the selected resistant resources could be used as breeding materials for resistance genetic improvement.

Key words: Sorghum, anthracnose, resistance identification, spike grain weight, 1000-seeds weight, germination rate