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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (12): 46-52.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0019

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

延安大学6种园林乔木叶生理特性研究

赵满兴1,2(), 陈姣1, 陈晓洁1, 喻华燕1, 陈海雪1, 张霞1, 马卓1, 马文全1   

  1. 1 延安大学生命科学学院，陕西延安 716000
    2 陕西省红枣重点实验室，陕西延安 716000
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-30 修回日期:2023-06-16 出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2023-12-19
  • 作者简介:

    赵满兴，男，1971年出生，陕西合阳人，教授，博士，主要从事园林生态及植物养分调控研究。通信地址：716000 陕西省延安市宝塔区圣地路580号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目“可溶性有机氮在陕北黄土高原植被恢复中氮素转化中的作用”(41761068); 陕西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目“延安市常见绿化树种叶片生理特性及生态效益评价”(S202210719130)

Study on Leaf Physiological Characteristics of Six Kinds of Garden Trees in Yan’an University

ZHAO Manxing1,2(), CHEN Jiao1, CHEN Xiaojie1, YU Yuayan1, CHEN Haixue1, ZHANG Xia1, MA Zhuo1, MA Wenquan1   

  1. 1 College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi, China
    2 Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2023-01-30 Revised:2023-06-16 Online:2023-12-20 Published:2023-12-19

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摘要：

为研究延安市园林植物生理特性周年内随季节的响应规律，以延安大学校园内6种常见乔木（油松、侧柏、旱柳、国槐、银杏和栾树）为研究对象，在春季、夏季和秋季分别采集植物叶片，分析同一生境下落叶与常绿乔木生理指标的差异性。结果表明，平均来看，油松和侧柏的相对含水量和POD活性高于其他4种落叶乔木，而电导率、MDA、SOD和CAT低于其他4种落叶乔木。说明常绿乔木比落叶乔木具有更强的保水性，落叶乔木更易受到干旱环境的影响，但其应对干旱环境的能力较强。相对含水量和POD活性均为夏季>春季>秋季，CAT活性与之相反，电导率和MDA活性均为秋季>夏季>春季，SOD活性为夏季>秋季>春季。可见，当地秋季气候环境对园林乔木生长影响较大，要重视秋季园林乔木的管护工作。由隶属函数法分析结果看出，不同树种季节间的适应特性不同，没有达到季节间的一致性，3个季节落叶乔木的平均隶属值均高于常绿乔木。综合来看，6种园林乔木对环境适应能力由强到弱为栾树>国槐>旱柳>银杏>侧柏>油松。

关键词: 园林乔木, 叶生理特性, 抗氧化酶, 隶属函数法, 季节变化

Abstract:

The responses of physiological characteristics of garden trees to different seasons were studied in Yan’an City. Taking the six garden tree species in the campus of Yan’an University as the research object, including Pinus tabuliformis, Platycladus orientalis, Salix matsudana, Styphnolobium japonicum, Ginkgo biloba, Koelreuteria paniculata, tree leaves were collected in spring, summer and autumn to compare the physiological characteristics between deciduous arbors and evergreen. The results showed that the relative water content and POD content of Pinus tabuliformis and Platycladus orientalis were higher than other four deciduous arbors, but the conductivity, MDA, SOD and CAT content were lower than other deciduous arbors on average. Evergreen had higher water-retaining property than deciduous arbors, and deciduous arbors were much vulnerable to drought impact, but they had high capability in respond to drought. The physiological characteristics of garden trees were different in different seasons. The relative water content and POD content were in the order of summer>spring>autumn, in contrast with CAT content. The conductivity and MDA content were in the order of autumn>summer>spring. The activities of SOD was in the order of summer>autumn>spring. The results indicated that the climate environment had higher influence on garden trees in autumn. It should pay attention to management and protection in autumn. The subordinate function showed that the adaptive characters were difference among different tree species, and were not consistent between different seasons. The mean membership function value of deciduous arbors was higher than that of evergreen. In all, the membership function analysis revealed that the environment adaptiveness of six garden trees was in the order of Koelreuteria paniculata> Styphnolobium japonicum> Ginkgo biloba> Platycladus orientalis> Pinus tabuliformis.

Key words: garden tree, leaf physiological characteristics, antioxidant enzymes, subordinate function method, season change