欢迎访问《农学学报》,

农学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (12): 39-45.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2023-0005

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同水稻品种稻谷对土壤中铅的积累特性及其安全风险评估

林芗华()   

  1. 漳州市农业检验监测中心,福建漳州 363000
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-03 修回日期:2023-05-15 出版日期:2023-12-19 发布日期:2023-12-19
  • 作者简介:

    林芗华,男,1972年出生,福建漳州人,高级农艺师,本科,主要从事农业检测与农产品质量安全研究。通信地址:363000 福建省漳州市芗城区大同新巷6号,漳州市农业检验监测中心,Tel:0596-2606657,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    2021年福建省生态农业专项资金项目“水稻重金属低富集品种筛选及示范”(闽财农指〔2020〕105号)

Lead Enrichment Characteristics in Soil of Different Rice Varieties and the Safety Risk Evaluation

LIN Xianghua()   

  1. Zhangzhou Agricultural Test and Inspection Center, Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian, China
  • Received:2023-01-03 Revised:2023-05-15 Online:2023-12-19 Published:2023-12-19

摘要:

为了探明当前漳州市种植的水稻品种稻谷对铅的富集特性及其质量安全,以当地15个水稻主栽的品种为试材,采用添加铅源的盆栽试验及大田试验,考察稻谷对铅积累特性及评价其质量安全风险。结果表明,在弱酸性(5.5<pH≤6.5)水田土壤中,盆栽试验土壤铅全量分别为22.4、103.5、204.8 mg/kg时,15个品种稻谷铅含量变幅分别为0.016~0.061 mg/kg、0.061~0.198 mg/kg和0.157~0.606 mg/kg;大田试验土壤铅全量分别为23.4 mg/kg、26.4 mg/kg、23.5 mg/kg时,15个品种稻谷铅含量变幅为0.016~0.056 mg/kg、0.024~0.069 mg/kg和0.014~0.056 mg/kg;同一品种稻谷铅含量与土壤铅全量呈正相关性直线关系(P<0.01)。不同品种稻谷对铅的富集能力有明显的差异(P<0.05),盆栽试验和大田试验的富集系数分别为0.059%~0.296%和0.060%~0.261%;聚类分析得出有4个品种为高富集、6个品种为中富集和5个品种为低富集。依据GB2762—2017规定的稻谷中铅含量限量标准(0.2 mg/kg),低富集、中富集和高富集水稻品种,水田土壤(5.5<pH≤6.5)铅全量风险临界值分别为204.1~274.7 mg/kg、113.5~180.0 mg/kg、82.7~107.1 mg/kg。漳州市15个水稻品种,稻谷对铅的积累特性有明显差异;在土壤铅全量≥风险临界值的水田上种植,稻谷中铅含量将存在着高于0.2 mg/kg的质量安全高风险。

关键词: 水稻品种, 稻谷, 铅, 富集特性, 质量安全, 风险评价

Abstract:

This study aims to explore the lead enrichment characteristics of rice varieties planted in Zhangzhou and the rice quality safety. 15 local main rice varieties were used as the experimental materials, and pot experiments and field experiments of adding lead were adopted. The lead enrichment characteristics of rice were investigated, and the risk of rice quality safety was evaluated. The results showed that the lead content of the 15 rice varieties was in the range of 0.016-0.061 mg/kg, 0.061-0.198 mg/kg and 0.157-0.606 mg/kg, respectively, when the total lead content of pot experiment was 22.4 mg/kg, 103.5 mg/kg and 204.8 mg/kg in light acidic paddy soil (5.5<pH≤6.5). When the total lead content of the field experiment was 23.4 mg/kg, 26.4 mg/kg and 23.5 mg/kg in light acidic paddy soil (5.5<pH≤6.5), the variation scope of lead content of the 15 rice varieties was 0.016-0.056 mg/kg, 0.024-0.069 mg/kg and 0.014-0.056 mg/kg, respectively. The lead content of the same rice variety was positively and linearly correlated with the total lead content in soil (P<0.01). There were significant differences in the enrichment ability of lead among different rice varieties (P<0.05), and the enrichment coefficient of pot experiment and field experiment was 0.059%-0.296% and 0.060%-0.261%, respectively. Cluster analysis indicated that there were 4 rice varieties with high enrichment ability, 6 varieties with medium enrichment ability and 5 varieties with low enrichment ability. According to the limit standard of lead in rice in GB 2762-2017(0.2 mg/kg), for rice varieties with low, medium and high enrichment ability, the critical risk value of cadmium was 204.1-274.7 mg/kg, 113.5 -180.0 mg/kg and 82.7-107.1 mg/kg, respectively, in paddy soil (5.5<pH≤6.5). Overall, the lead enrichment characteristics of the 15 main rice varieties in Zhangzhou are significantly different. Planting in paddy fields where the total lead content is above the critical risk value, the lead content will have a quality safety risk of being higher than 0.2 mg/kg.

Key words: rice variety, rice, lead, enrichment characteristics, quality safety, risk assessment