Abstract:

In order to evaluating the current fertilization regime of Jiashi melon in Kashi region, taken the Jiashi melon cultivated in open field whit shelves in southern Xinjiang as the objects of study and selected nine towns that have typical of planting Jiashi melon, sampling and discussions with farmers on field and nutrients management on Jiashi melon were conducted in the major production area in Kashi region. The results showed that: (1) the base fertilizer and top application of Jiashi melon were composed mainly farmyard manure and supplemented some chemical fertilizer. The farmyard manure of base fertilizer was 36 t/hm2 and the chemical fertilizer was 338 kg/hm2. The farmyard manure of top application was 13 t/hm2 and the chemical fertilizer was 363 kg/hm2. (2) The average application rate of fertilizer in Kashi region was 296 N kg/hm2, 410 P kg/hm2 and 278 K kg/hm2 in whole growth stages of Jiashi melon. Ratio of N:P2O5:K2O was 1:1.4:0.9. (3) The results showed that the highest yield of Jiashi melon was 68 t/hm2 and the lowest yield 26 t/hm2 in Kashi region; the average yield of Jiashi melon was 52 t/hm2. Overall, there was a large space for improvement in Jiashi melon yield. The yield of Jiashi melon didn’t increased with the increase of fertilizer amount. The farmers had good tradition of applying farmyard manure. The phenomenon was existed that the farmer emphasized phosphorus (P2O5) fertilizer and ignored the potassium fertilizer and micronutrient fertilizer. So the farmers paid a little attention to balanced fertilization; there was great difference of fertilizer amount among the regions, there had no unified and reasonable fertilizer standard.