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  Meteorological Factors on Freezing Injury of Amygdalus communis During Overwintering in Yingjisha of Xinjiang Kerimu ABASI, Nuerpatiman MAIMAITIREYIM, MENG Fanxue, CHEN Gang, Patiman ABUDUAINI Journal of Agriculture    2022, 12 (2): 31-35.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20191100279 Abstract + (2118)    HTML (742)    PDF (1186KB) (10319)       Knowledge map    By using the basic meteorological data of 2001 to 2019 from Yingjisha national meteorological observing station and the phenological observation data and freezing injury data, the freezing rate of flower bud and yield of Amygdalus communis were analyzed. Combined with mathematical statistics, the meteorological factors causing frozen flower bud during overwintering period of Amygdalus communis in Yingjisha were studied. The results showed that the lowest air temperature in winter and its lasting days, the lowest land surface temperature and frozen earth depth caused the freezing of Amygdalus communis buds, but there was no obvious impact of the maximum snow depth of winter and its lasting days and winter precipitation. When the lowest temperature was -23℃ to -18℃, its lasting days and the lowest land surface temperature were the main factors causing frozen flower buds.

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  Current Research Status and Prospect of Microbial Fertilizer in China null Journal of Agriculture    2013, 3 (3): 26-31.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.2095-4050.2013-xb0018 Abstract + (2217)       PDF (944KB) (6117)       Knowledge map    The history of microbial fertilizer in China was reviewed in this article, and the main classification, efficacy, mechanism of action, application in different crops and the problems in the development of this industry were briefly described. Pointing out the microbial fertilizers can improve the environment and the fertility of soil, control the soil-born diseases, increase crop production and reduce the dosage of chemical fertilizers. And it’s the need of developing the "green agriculture" and "ecological agriculture". At present, it still has many problems like whole level is low, lacking of technological innovation, instable of effect and confusion of market management. Therefore, its needs to strengthen the basic research, improve the process, strengthen the supervision and management, increase the capital investment and collaborative innovation. These can promote the microbial fertilizer developing healthy and rapidly.

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  Death causes of Chinese pine (Pimus tabulaeformis) at the Tiananmen Square in spring 2010 and technical measures null Journal of Agriculture    2011, 1 (xb1): 44-49.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.2095-4050.2011-xb0027 Abstract + (5869)       PDF (10870KB) (6049)       Knowledge map    In order to explore some causes why pine needles turned yellow and many Chinese pine trees gradually died at Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China in spring 2010, a field investigation was conducted on the external morphology and the root characteristics of Chinese pine, and meanwhile soil physical and chemical properties and site conditions were also investigated and analyzed. It is found that for most of Chinese pines trees, the pine needles of their whole plants turned yellow, their fine roots withered and shriveled, and mycorhiza were rotten and died. The high salt content was found in surface soils, and the roots absorbed the large amounts of salts and lost the function of absorbing water and nutrients, which led to the emergence of yellow pine needles and the death of the whole plant. Some factors (such as small growth space, high soil density, poor soil ventilation and heat radiation) were not in favour of normal growth of Chinese pine. Moreover, a great amount of snow-melting agent was applied around Chinese pine at the Tiananmen Square after snow in winter 2009, which was a direct cause leading to the death of Chinese pine. In order to protect the achievement in afforestation and visual effects, the corresponding technical measures and suggestions were presented to prevent the hazards of snow-melting agent and to overcome the current status of adverse site conditions.

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  Polyploidy Induction by Colchicine in Forest Trees: Research Progress LI Yuling, YAN Shaobo, MAO Xiuhong, WANG Cuiyan, WANG Jinna, LIU Cuilan, ZHANG Qian, QIAO Yanhui Journal of Agriculture    2022, 12 (8): 55-61.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0077 Abstract + (692)    HTML (7)    PDF (1205KB) (5061)       Knowledge map    Polyploid breeding is an important way to create and select new varieties of plants. Colchicine is the most widely used and effective reagent for plant polyploidy induction at present. In this paper, the research progress of colchicine in forest polyploidy induction in recent years is reviewed, and the influencing factors such as colchicine concentration, induction time, treatment methods and the methods for identifying polyploidy are summarized. It is pointed out that there are some problems in forest polyploidy, such as tedious and slow separation and purification of chimeras, urgent development requirement of new inducers, long evaluation period of forest polyploidy, and insufficient research on molecular mechanism of autopolyploid. Then, corresponding solutions and suggestions are given. The purpose of this review is to provide theoretical reference for forest polyploidy breeding.

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  Effect of Waterlogging Degree on Cotton Seedling Growth and Physiological Change 郑曙峰,王维,刘小玲,吴文革,陈敏 and 阚画春 Journal of Agriculture    2016, 6 (2): 33-38.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas15110014 Abstract + (4941)       PDF (1394KB) (4459)       Knowledge map    In order to clarify the adaptability of cotton after waterlogging stres. cotton morphology, production and physiological changes at the seedling stage under different flooding degree were studied by using a pot experiment. The results showed that after flooding, cotton production, the rate of bolls per plant, boll weight, plant height, number of leaves and dry matter accumulation of per plant reduced, while Lint percentage did not change; with the flooding time increasing, various indicators continued reducing. after flooding 20d, leaf SPAD value declined rapidly, cotton lint yield decreased by more than 80%, even total crop failure. Overall, flooding 15d could be considered the critical time of cotton to adapt waterlogging stress during seedling stage , so cotton can resuming growing through cultural technique measure before the critical time.

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  Biological Characteristics of Begonia fimbristipulata Hance． null Journal of Agriculture    2012, 2 (8): 49-52.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.2095-4050.2012-xb0151 Abstract + (3884)       PDF (1232KB) (4383)       Knowledge map    To accurately master the biological characteristics of Begoniaceae Begonia fimbristipulata Hance., and to better protect the unique local plant resources, further research and additional revise have been made on this species' six features, such as generic names, botany forms, environmental growing distribution, growing habits, collecting process and medicinal functions, through years of field investigation, domestication, cultivation of Begonia fimbristipulata Hance. in Dinghushan Mountain. The biological data of Begonia fimbristipulata Hance. has been systematically perfected in order to provide scientific evidence for this species' protection and correct use.

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  Optimization of Western Blot Condition for Detection of Protein Expression in Rabbit Artery null Journal of Agriculture    2011, 1 (4): 52-56.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.2095-4050.2011-xb0382 Abstract + (5777)       PDF (3007KB) (4165)       Knowledge map    Western blot is the most important method on studying and analyzing protein. Because it contains many steps, high background, unspecific bands, streaking and so on are the common problems in Western blot, which will influence the subsequent detection and quantitation of protein. To establish the best experiment condition for detection of protein expression in rabbit artery, VCAM-1(vascular cell adhension molecule-1) was detected. A rapid, specific and sensitive procedure has been successfully established, through optimizing several conditions which include SDS-PAGE, antibody dilution, temperature and time for antibody incubation, detection methods and so on. Also, three kinds of detection methods were used which contain DAB, enhanced chemilluminescence (ECL) with exposure captured on X-ray film or with cooled charged-coupled device (CCD) cameras. The sensitivity of three methods was compared. The results indicated that ECL has sensitivity 2-10 times that of DAB, and CCD cameras have 4 times sensitivity of X-ray and a more precise procedure. So, ECL-CCD cameras is a promising detection method of Western blot.

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  Application of Tea Polyphenols null Journal of Agriculture    2011, 1 (2): 44-48.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.2095-4050.2011-xb0134 Abstract + (6323)       PDF (928KB) (3919)       Knowledge map    Tea polyphenol is one of the characteristic ingredients in tea, which is about 20%-30% of the total quantity of dry matter. Because of tea polyphenol contains multiple active hydroxyl, which makes it has multiple health care functions such as: antioxidation, anti-aging, sterilize, prevent old cardio-cerebral diseases, which had become the hot spot in medicine, food, the development of animal husbandry etc, and had developed hot tea polyphenols tablet, capsule, weight loss products, beauty products, etc. The antioxidant, sterilizing and anti-aging of activity tea polyphenol so strong that could act as antioxidants in cereals, oils and foodstuffs, aquatic products, meat products, the convenient food had good application aspects. And it also could rise to fight bacterium diminish inflammation, reduce weight, step-down, such as effectiveness could in medicine, hairdressing, etc widely applied. At the same time, it also could use in chemical industry, animal husbandry, etc.

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  Research Advance of Artemisia argyi Repelling Mosquitoes and Other Insects Journal of Agriculture    2015, 5 (9): 96-99.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas14120023 Abstract + (2306)       PDF (1162KB) (3687)       Knowledge map    The research advances related to active ingredients and its extraction methods,repellent objects and methods of Artemisia argyi were summarized in this article,and the existing problems of Artemisia argyi repellent development were analysed in order to provide reference for its repellent function research and comprehensive exploitation.

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  The History of China’s Food Security in the Past Hundred Years Cheng Shengkui, Xu Zengrang, Xie Gaodi, Zhen Lin, Wang Ling’en, Guo Jinhua, Hou Peng, He Zhonghu Journal of Agriculture    2018, 8 (1): 194-200.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2018-1-194 Abstract + (1025)    HTML (23)    PDF (1286KB) (3583)       Knowledge map    Based on the relationship between food and the development of China’s social and economy, this paper has traced back to the history and its social and economic background of China’s food security since year 1911. This paper puts forward to 4 dimensions of food security analysis: farmers’ livelihood, land tenure, agricultural science and technology, and food policy. There are five elements to maintain national food security: agriculture, manufacture and commerce should be developed harmoniously, control population, improve the land possession and use system, develop the agricultural science and technology, and maintain national stability. Finally, a generalized food security concept and measures, including quantity security, structural safety, ecological security and quality safety are put forward.

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  Research Progress of Fish Habitat Protection Technologies HONG Yuzhen, MENG Shunlong, CHEN Jiazhang Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (3): 82-87.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0221 Abstract + (467)    HTML (12)    PDF (1160KB) (3562)       Knowledge map    In order to further promote the in-depth development of fish habitat protection and restoration, and the application of protection technologies, the paper reviews the development status of fish habitat assessment methods and protection and restoration technologies at home and abroad, summarizes common assessment methods of fish habitats as well as technologies used in fish habitat protection and restoration projects, and analyzes the problems of existing protection measures. Based on the review, the paper puts forward comprehensive fish habitat assessment methods and restoration technologies, with a view to provide technical reference for technicians engaged in fish habitat protection and restoration.

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  The Progress of Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope Journal of Agriculture    2016, 6 (6): 30-35.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16010025 Abstract + (1340)       PDF (1318KB) (3547)       Knowledge map    Abstracts: At present, technique of the confocal laser scanning microscope is booming. This new technology aimed to improve the functions of the confocal laser scanning microscope from the following aspects: improve resolution, decrease the phototoxicity, and improve scanning speed, viviperception. Meanwhile, the potential of biology applications was great with the help of these new techniques, so it was necessary to sort out and analyze the principles of these new techniques. This essay mainly analyzed some techniques’ principles and potential in their applications, including Light gate, White laser, GaAsP, Ultrahigh-resolution, Live cell imaging system, Light-sheet ,Multi-photon microscopy, Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering, Laser Capture Microdissection. Besides, the next research area and the shortcomings of the existing technique in scanning speed, compatibility, applicability of samples are also analyzed. This essay can assist researchers to learn more about some new techniques and make them know “what kind of technique they can use to achieve what kind of biology functions”in order that they can form more ideas of experiment research.

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  Tobacco Resistance Mechanism to Insect Herbivores: Research Progress Journal of Agriculture    2017, 7 (8): 48-54.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17030047 Abstract + (725)       PDF (1223KB) (3328)       Knowledge map    Tobacco is one of the important economic crops in China. The tobacco pest species have reached more than 300 in China, which severely restrict the production of tobacco. Plant insect resistance is the most cost-effective means to control pests. To better understand current researches on tobacco resistance to pest at home and abroad, this review summarized basic composition of tobacco resistance to pests and induced chemical defense, signal pathways and molecular mechanisms. It was suggested that the main pests on tobacco had been transformed from the Lepidoptera pests to the sucking pests. However, the researches on tobacco insect resistance and resistance breeding aimed at single pest at home and abroad. Therefore, the study on comprehensive resistance to different pests and the breeding of multi- resistant varieties should be strengthened. At the same time, it was pointed out that photosynthesis was a systematic reaction of plant defense against insects. In the process of improving the tobacco resistance to insect and tobacco resistance breeding, the primary metabolic process of tobacco, especially photosynthesis, should also be the focus. Study on tobacco resistance to insects should be carried out with multi-disciplinary combination, to elaborate the issue from a number of perspectives, especially plant physiology, molecular biology, tobacco cultivation and tobacco breeding.

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  Research Progress and Rice-Straw Returning null Journal of Agriculture    2012, 2 (5): 1-4.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.2095-4050.2011-xb0889 Abstract + (2340)       PDF (926KB) (3284)       Knowledge map    In the current promotion of high-yield, efficient and ecological context of agriculture, rice-straw returning as an effective measure has been vigorously promoted. So from the basic concept of rice-straw returning, comprehensively elaborate domestic and foreign research progress of rice-straw returning, and focus on the study the effects of the rice-straw returning on soil organic matter, soil bulk density and capillary porosity, soil temperature, microorganisms in soil, decomposition characteristics of rice, rice quality and weeds. Pointed out the straw in the physiological and ecological effects of the broader applications，and made of straw and the future direction of research priorities. So as to protect agricultural ecological environment and promote the sustainable development of modern agriculture provides theoretical basis.

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  Progresses in Research and Application of Grapevine Rootstocks Journal of Agriculture    2016, 6 (5): 53-59.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas15110003 Abstract + (1071)       PDF (1147KB) (3280)       Knowledge map    In order to understand the research situation of rootstocks and provide reference for using rootstocks purposefully in the production, the authors summarized recent researches on grape rootstocks varieties’ breeding characteristics at home and abroad, and elaborated the effects of rootstocks on the growth and development and fruit quality of grapevines and vinosity. It showed that the difference of breeding parents of grape rootstocks could result in different characteristics of the breeding varieties. Rootstocks could increase the mass growth of scion varieties, but could also reduce it, and improve the yield of grapes in different degrees. Effects of different rootstocks on total soluble solid and titratable acid of grafting cultivars were significantly different, which could change the vinosity in different degrees. Effect of rootstocks on grapes varied with the variation of scion varieties, site conditions and cultivation measures. The authors pointed out that the influence of rootstocks on the scion varieties was complex, the rootstocks breeding and application should be adjusted according to local conditions, thus to promote the development of grape industry.

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  Planning on the Construction of Chang guangxi Wetland Park in Wuxi null Journal of Agriculture    2011, 1 (xb1): 50-54.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.2095-4050.2011-xb0033 Abstract + (4227)       PDF (939KB) (3261)       Knowledge map    Besides the wetland reserves, the wetland park is an important component of wetland conservation system, and it is a management approach that is adopted to protect the natural or artificial wetland which is affected by human beings but still has its conservation value. In order to make healthy and orderly progress of wetland parks in China, some ideas are presented and discussed in this paper using the Chang Guangxi Wetland Park in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China as the study field. They are function zoning and general layout of the wetland Park, wetland park landscape construction, publicity and education engineering construction, scientific research monitoring, tourism infrastructure construction, health and safety engineering construction, park’s staging construction, construction management, etc.

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  Research Progress of Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil and Remediation Method null Journal of Agriculture    2011, 1 (8): 37-43.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.2095-4050.2011-xb0487 Abstract + (3885)       PDF (1010KB) (3214)       Knowledge map    In this paper, the current situation of heavy metal pollution in soil was discussed in such aspects of major form of heavy metal in soil, assessment index of pollution level, circulation mechanism, mutual effect of ions and remediation methods in order to study the research development of different remediation methods and the future works of heavy metal pollution. The future of research status was prospected in an effort to provide reference for other researchers. Results showed that basic research of heavy metal pollution in soil needed to be further studied, especially the circulation mechanism. Plant and microorganism remediation methods were main parts of heavy metal remediation, together with other remediation methods.

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  Research Progress of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Molecular Markers in Wheat Genetic Breeding 吴澎, and 田纪春 Journal of Agriculture    2019, 9 (1): 54-58.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas17120018 Abstract + (787)       PDF (1087KB) (3034)       Knowledge map    To understand the research progress of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in wheat genetic breeding and to lay a foundation for further study of flour products, the characteristics of SNP markers and the commonly used detection methods are summarized, including DNA conformation, high resolution curve and direct sequencing methods. The research progress of SNP markers in construction of genetic map, crop breeding, genome-wide association analysis, genetic diversity and species evolution are reviewed. At last, it is proposed that high-throughput SNP chips of different crops should be developed to make the SNP research in the direction of high-throughput and whole-genome development, and to cultivate wheat varieties with goodflour sensory characteristics.

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  Study on the Functional Activity of Pineapple Polysaccharide in vitro null Journal of Agriculture    2012, 2 (3): 50-53.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.2095-4050.2011-xb0598 Abstract + (6681)       PDF (1178KB) (2981)       Knowledge map    Pineapple polysaccharide was extracted from pineapple peel to discuss the antioxidant function of polysaccharide pineapple in vitro. Hot water extraction was used to extract polysaccharide pineapple. The ability of pineapple polysaccharide to scavenge free radicals was studied by using hydroxyl radicals system, superoxide anion system and polysaccharide reductive ability system. Results showed that, using salicylic acid colorimetry to determine the ability of pineapple polysaccharide to scavenge hydroxyl radicals, when the concentration was 12 mg/mL, the scavenge rate reached 90%. While using pyrogallol autoxidation method to determine the ability of pineapple polysaccharide to scavenge the superoxide anion, when the concentration was 6 mg/mL, the clearance of super oxide anion reaches 80%. The reductive ability of pineapple polysaccharide was enhanced with its concentration was increased, and there was a good concentration-response relationship between the concentration and reductive ability.

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  Smart Crop Cultivation: A New Agricultural Science Toward Deep Integration of Information, Agronomy and Machinery GU Shenghao, WEN Weiliang, LU Xianju, Wang Chuanyu, GUO Xinyu Journal of Agriculture    2023, 13 (2): 67-76.   DOI: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0217 Abstract + (375)    HTML (18)    PDF (1550KB) (2971)       Knowledge map    Human society has developed into a new era of intelligent connection of everything, agricultural science has entered a new stage of data-intensive knowledge discovery, and smart agriculture has become an important part to support the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy. Under this background, the traditional theoretical and technical system of crop cultivation could no longer meet the needs of the development of smart crop cultivation, and it is urgent to accelerate the deep integration and collaborative innovation with other related disciplines to develop smart crop cultivation. This study first elaborates the connotation and characteristics of smart crop cultivation, then clarifies the concept, research content and key technologies and the corresponding disciplinary system, and finally proposes the development trend, challenges, and countermeasures of crop cultivation. To implement major scientific discoveries, frontier technology breakthroughs and industrial model innovations around the four key aspects of connection, perception, cognition and control in smart cultivation, to build a theoretical and technological system of smart cultivation, and to promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional cultivation to smart cultivation will help achieve sustainable development of crop production and accelerate agricultural modernization.