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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (5): 76-80.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.2014-xb0656

所属专题： 食用菌； 食用菌

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

桑枝栽培长根菇的试验研究

方少钦,高云超   

  1. 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,广东省农业科学院
  • 收稿日期:2014-07-02 修回日期:2014-07-02 接受日期:2014-10-14 出版日期:2015-06-02 发布日期:2015-06-02
  • 通讯作者: 方少钦 E-mail:axef28
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系专项“蚕桑”(CARS-22)；公益性行业（农业）科研专项经费项目“食用菌保鲜加工与循环利用技术研究与示范”(201303080)；广东省教育部产学研结合项目“食用菌精深加工关键技术研究及其产业化”(2012B091100292)；广东省科技计划项目“广东省食药用菌驯化与利用技术研究”(2012A020100010)。

Cultivation experiments of the edible mushroom Oudemansiella radicata using sawdust based substrate made of mulberry branch powder

  • Received:2014-07-02 Revised:2014-07-02 Accepted:2014-10-14 Online:2015-06-02 Published:2015-06-02

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摘要： 为了充分利用蚕桑生产中废弃的桑枝资源以及扩展食用菌产业的原材料来源，笔者进行了利用桑枝栽培长根菇的试验，结果表明，长根菇在桑木屑比例为70%~97%范围内的菌丝生长较好，培养基配方中桑枝比例为75%~80%左右，生长速度较快，可达1.96~2.63 mm/d。产量测定表明，从2011年6月开始出菇，至9月结束，期间每隔2~3天既出产1潮次，表现出子实体生长发育较快，主要的生长季节在夏季，并且产量较高，生物学效率高，可达75%~84.4%，子实体高大挺拔，菌盖较大较厚。经济效益分析表明每种植100 kg原料可获得纯经济收入300元以上，而且随着种植规模的扩大呈现出较好的经济效益。因此，在中国蚕区利用桑枝资源栽培食用菌，特别夏季栽培长根菇具有良好的应用前景。

关键词: 红叶石楠, 红叶石楠, 红叶, 绿叶, 气体交换

Abstract: In order to fully utilize mulberry twigs resources in silk production and expand sources of raw materials in edible fungus production, the mushroom cultivation experiments for Oudemansiella radicata with different methods and proportions of mulberry branch powder was studied. The mulberry twigs powder proportion was from 75%-80% in the formula of mushroom growth medium, the mycelia growth rate was faster than other media, it might reach the 1.96-2.63 mm/date. Oudemansiella radicata yield determination showed that, beginning from June of 2011 for the first yield fluctuation to September for the end, every 2 to 3 days harvests one time in the period. The fruit body growth and development was faster in the summer than other seasons, and higher yield and biological efficiency could reach 75%-84.4%, fruiting body was higher, thicker in pileus and larger and thicker for its caps. Economic analysis showed that 100 kg raw material could be obtain net economic income more than ￥300 , and as to expand the planting scale showed better economic benefits. The experimental results showed that the mulberry branches as a kind of raw materials for mushroom production was a best way of comprehensive utilization in mulberry and mushroom production, it saved the cost broad application prospects.

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