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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (5): 81-84.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.2014-xb0953

所属专题： 农业工程； 小麦； 水稻

• 农业工程 农业机械 生物技术 食品科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

少免耕与秸秆机械全量原位还田对稻茬小麦出苗及产量的影响

张斯梅,杨四军,顾克军,于建光,张恒敢,许博   

  1. 江苏省农业科学院 农业资源与环境研究所,江苏省农业科学院 农业资源与环境研究所,江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏省农业科学院,江苏省农业科学院 农业资源与环境研究所,江苏省农业科学院 农业资源与环境研究所
  • 收稿日期:2014-09-25 修回日期:2014-12-05 接受日期:2014-12-09 出版日期:2015-06-02 发布日期:2015-06-02
  • 通讯作者: 张斯梅 E-mail:jaaszsm
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业科技自主创新资金“区域秸秆全量利用关键技术研究与应用推广”[CX(12)1002]；国家科技支撑项目 “江淮东部（江苏）水稻小麦丰产节水节肥技术集成与示范”(2013BAD07B09)；国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项“区域种植业废弃物中氮磷养分管理及多级利用技术研究与示范”(2012ZX07101-004)。

Effects of less tillage and no-tillage patterns and total rice straw mechanized returning in situ on seed germination and grain yield of wheat

  • Received:2014-09-25 Revised:2014-12-05 Accepted:2014-12-09 Online:2015-06-02 Published:2015-06-02

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摘要： 为给秸秆机械还田利用和稻茬小麦高产高效栽培提供依据，研究了少免耕与秸秆机械全量原位还田对稻茬小麦出苗及产量的影响。结果表明，免耕秸秆机械全量原位覆盖还田处理小麦籽粒产量最高，达6480.0kg/hm2,其次是浅耕秸秆不还田处理，浅耕秸秆机械全量原位混埋还田处理产量最低，为5524.5 kg/hm2。方差分析结果说明，少免耕与秸秆机械全量原位还田对稻茬小麦产量的影响不大，且两者之间不存在交互作用。免耕秸秆机械全量原位覆盖还田处理省工节本，效益较其他处理明显提高。综合来看，稻茬小麦高产高效栽培的适宜方式为免耕秸秆机械全量原位覆盖还田。

关键词: 绒毛白蜡, 绒毛白蜡, 组织培养, 快繁技术

Abstract: To help use of straw mechanized returning to field and increasing yield and efficiency of wheat in rice-wheat rotation, effects of no-tillage, shallow tillage and total straw mechanized returning in situ on seed germination and grain yield of wheat were studied. The results showed that the treatment of no-tillage with total straw mulching had the highest grain yield, up to 6480.0 kg/hm2, followed by shallow tillage treatment without straw returning, and the treatment of shallow tillage with total straw returning had the lowest yield, 5524.5 kg/hm2. ANOVA results indicated that no-tillage, shallow tillage and total straw mechanized returning in situ had little effect on wheat yield, and there is no interaction between the two. Total straw mulching without tillage needed less cost, and production efficiency was improved. Taken together, the appropriate way to high yield and efficiency cultivation of wheat is no-tillage plus total straw covering in rice-wheat rotation.