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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (4): 20-25.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas15110020

所属专题： 小麦

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦赤霉病药防的新理念

马勇   

  1. 江苏省建湖县植保植检站
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-23 修回日期:2016-01-11 接受日期:2016-01-25 出版日期:2016-04-20 发布日期:2016-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 马勇 E-mail:drage0@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业科技自主创新项目“小麦产品中镰刀菌毒素的风险评估与监测预警关键技术研究”[CX(14)2126]。

Drug Prevention of Wheat Gibberellic Disease

  • Received:2015-11-23 Revised:2016-01-11 Accepted:2016-01-25 Online:2016-04-20 Published:2016-04-20

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摘要： 针对当前江苏省建湖地区小麦赤霉病频发、重发，且防治主体药剂——多菌灵及其复配剂防效下降的现状，笔者提出了一些新的药防理念，以期为小麦赤霉病的大面积防治提供理论依据。主要通过提高多·酮的利用率、多菌灵的减量使用、选择代替多·酮的药剂新组合来防治小麦赤霉病等3 个办法，改进小麦赤霉病的药防。结果表明：40%多·酮1500 g/hm2 兑水225 kg 对小麦赤霉病的病指防效为65.24%，与40%多·酮2250 g/hm2兑水300 kg 的病指防效(68.43%)接近。40%多·酮1500 g/hm2加入5%白醋1500 mL/hm2对小麦赤霉病的病指防效为71.04%，好于40%多·酮2250 g/hm2的病指防效(68.43%)。药剂新组合对小麦赤霉病的病指防效达84.71%，远高于常规药剂40%多·酮2250 g/hm2的病指防效(68.43%)，理论产量的增产效果达12.83%。研究结果表明，控制用水量可以提高多·酮的利用率，添加助剂可以达成多·酮的减量使用，使用新药剂组合可以达到很好的防治和增产效果。

关键词: 土壤改良剂, 土壤改良剂, 草莓种植土壤, 高通量测序, 细菌群落结构

Abstract: Now the frequency of wheat gibberellic disease occurrence is high in Jianhu of Jiangsu Province, and the control efficiency of the main prevention drug—carbendazim and its mixtures is declining year after year. So the author put forward a new view of drug prevention for controlling wheat gibberellic disease in large area. Three ways were used to improve the drug prevention of wheat gibberellic disease, including increasing the availability of polyketone, reducing the dosage of carbendazim, and selecting new substitute combination of polyketone. The results showed that, 40% polyketone 1500 g/hm2 with 225 kg water had the control efficiency of disease index as 65.24%; and it was similar to the efficiency of 40% polyketone 2250 g/hm2 with 300 kg water (68.43% ). 40% polyketone 1500 g/hm2 mixed with 5% white vinegar 1500 mL/hm2 had the control efficiency of disease index as 71.04%, better than that of 2250 g/hm2 of 40% polyketone (68.43%). The control efficiency of disease index of the new drug combination was 84.71% , which was higher than that of the conventional drug 40% polyketone 2250 g/hm2 (68.43%). The increasing effect of theoretical yield was 12.83%. The results indicated that the controlling of water could improve the utilization of polyketone, adding the additives could reduce the dosage of polyketone, and the use of new combination could increase the control efficiency and yield.