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农学学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (10): 80-83.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16110042

所属专题: 资源与环境 现代农业发展与乡村振兴 农业生态

• 农业信息 农业气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国农业水资源可持续利用方略

王庆锁,梅旭荣   

  1. 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部农业部旱作节水农业重点开放实验室,中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部旱作农业重点开放实验室
  • 收稿日期:2016-11-30 修回日期:2017-01-13 接受日期:2017-01-20 出版日期:2017-10-23 发布日期:2017-10-23
  • 通讯作者: 梅旭荣 E-mail:wangqingsuo@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划项目“旱地农田高效用水关键技术研究与典型示范”(2012BAD09B01);中国工程院咨询项目“粮食和食物安全的可持续 发展战略研究”;中国农业科学院科技创新工程“华北集约化农业高效用水与地下水保护技术”(CAAS-XTCX2016019)。

Strategies for Sustainable Use of Agricultural Water Resources in China

王庆锁 and 梅旭荣   

  • Received:2016-11-30 Revised:2017-01-13 Accepted:2017-01-20 Online:2017-10-23 Published:2017-10-23

摘要: 针对中国水资源严重短缺、水体污染加剧、“水减粮增”矛盾突出、粮食生产与区域水资源分布错位、“北粮南运”难以为继等重大问题,以农业水资源可持续利用为目标,实施粮食生产区域再平衡战略、强化降水利用的绿水战略和短缺水资源的技术、非常规水、贸易替代方略,同时提出建立与水资源相匹配的种植制度,大力推进节水农业科技创新、升级节水灌溉技术、建立水资源转移补偿机制、改变膳食结构等建议。

关键词: 汛期, 汛期, 暴雨洪涝, 次生灾害, 风险评估, 青海

Abstract: Aims to solve the problems of severe scarcity of water resources, water pollution, a contradiction between the decline of water use and grow of grain demand, a mismatch between grain production and water resource distribution and unsustainable transport of grain from north to south, we put forward agricultural water resource sustainable use strategies including regional rebalance of grain production according to water resources, green water strategy (effective use of precipitation) and water resource replacement by technology, unconventional water and international trade. At the same time, we proposed several proposals such as developing cropping systems adapted to water resource, strengthening technological innovation for watersaving agriculture, upgrading water saving irrigation technology, setting up compensatory mechanisms for a shift of agricultural water uses and improving dietary pattern.