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农学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (3): 60-67.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190900204

所属专题: 农业气象

• 农业信息/农业气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

气候变化对黑龙江省自然植被气候生产潜力的影响

田宝星1,2(), 宫丽娟1,2(), 杨帆3, 陈晶4, 翟墨1,2, 张洋3   

  1. 1黑龙江省气象科学研究所,哈尔滨 150030
    2中国气象局东北地区生态气象创新开放实验室,哈尔滨 150030
    3黑龙江省气象局机关服务中心,哈尔滨 150030
    4巴彦县气象局,哈尔滨 151800
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-25 修回日期:2020-04-26 出版日期:2021-03-20 发布日期:2021-04-07
  • 通讯作者: 宫丽娟 E-mail:bx_tian@163.com;footprint05@126.com
  • 作者简介:田宝星,男,1986年出生,黑龙江哈尔滨人,工程师,硕士,主要从事气象服务、应用气象和农业气象研究。通信地址:150030 黑龙江省哈尔滨市香坊区电碳路71号,Tel:0451-55112109,E-mail: bx_tian@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“基于生态位模型的高寒区大豆潜在适生性研究”(31801253);“西辽河流域湿地演变特征及其对气候变化的响应研究”(41665007);中国气象局核心业务发展专项“农作物生长全程气象动态评估技术集成”(CMAHX20160205);中国气象局东北地区生态气象创新开放实验室开放研究基金项目“气候变化背景下大兴安岭蓝莓气候适宜性研究”(stqx201902);“基于作物分期播种试验的气象指标验证”(stqx2019zd01);黑龙江省寒区湿地生态与环境研究重点实验室2019年开放课题“寒地人工湿地CH4排放变化特征及其气候效应”(201904)

Effect of Climate Change on Climate-induced Potential Productivity of Natural Vegetation in Heilongjiang

Tian Baoxing1,2(), Gong Lijuan1,2(), Yang Fan3, Chen Jing4, Zhai Mo1,2, Zhang Yang3   

  1. 1Heilongjiang Province Institute of Meteorological Science, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
    2Innovation and Opening Laboratory of Regional Eco-meteorology in Northeast of China Meteorological Administration, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
    3Heilongjiang Meteorological Bureau Office Service Centre, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
    4Bayan Meteorological Bureau, Harbin 151800, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2019-09-25 Revised:2020-04-26 Online:2021-03-20 Published:2021-04-07
  • Contact: Gong Lijuan E-mail:bx_tian@163.com;footprint05@126.com

摘要:

为了解1970—2014年黑龙江省自然植被气候生产潜力的分布规律和变化趋势及其对气候变化的响应,利用黑龙江省80个气象站观测数据,结合Miami模型,通过小波分析和EOF分析等方法,对黑龙江省自然植被气候生产潜力的变化特征进行分析。结果表明:1970年以来,气温、降水、蒸散和标准气候生产潜力呈增加趋势,2000—2014年粮食安全存在隐患。标准气候生产潜力(W)与蒸散气候生产潜力年代际变化相近。4种气候生产潜力主周期均为26~31年。W空间分布呈正、负相间。W与气温、降水量和蒸散量呈正相关,气温是主要限制因子。“暖湿型”气候对W有利,生产潜力增加幅度7.41%~14.82%。研究结果对优化农业布局,提高农业气候资源利用率以及促进粮食作物稳产高产等有参考价值。

关键词: 植被, 气候变化, Miami模型, 气候生产潜力, 黑龙江

Abstract:

To understand the distribution rule and change trend of climate-induced potential productivity of natural vegetation and its response to climate change in Heilongjiang from 1970 to 2014, the authors used the Miami model, wavelet analysis and EOF to analyze the variation characteristics of the climate-induced potential productivity of natural vegetation based on observation data of 80 meteorological stations. The results showed that: the four types of climate-induced potential productivity (air temperature, precipitation, evapotranspiration and standard climate-induced potential productivity) had increased since 1970, however, there were hidden dangers in food security from 2000 to 2014. The standard climate-induced potential productivity (W) and evapotranspiration climate-induced potential productivity had similar interdecadal variation. The major periodic of the four types of climate-induced potential productivity was 26 to 31 years. The W presented alternate positive and negative variations in space, and it was positively correlated with the air temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration, the air temperature was the main restriction factor. Warm-wet climate is beneficial to W, and the potential productivity will increase within a range of 7.41% to 14.82%. The results could provide a basic method for optimizing agricultural distribution, improving the utilization of agricultural climate resources and promoting stable and high yield production of grain crops.

Key words: Vegetation, Climate Change, Miami Model, Climate-induced Potential Productivity, Heilongjiang

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