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农学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (8): 35-42.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0006

所属专题: 生物技术 小麦

• 农艺科学/生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

大田野生麦苗穗发芽抗性的鉴定与遗传分析

张希太(), 肖磊, 董策, 谢淑芹, 蔺桂芬()   

  1. 邯郸市农业科学院生物技术研究室,河北邯郸 056001
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-06 修回日期:2021-05-13 出版日期:2022-08-20 发布日期:2022-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 蔺桂芬 E-mail:zhangxitai8801@163.com;15100302646@163.com
  • 作者简介:张希太,男,1965年出生,河北魏县人,研究员,本科,研究方向:小麦分子育种。通信地址:056001 河北省邯郸市邯山区东环南路南头路西 邯郸市农业科学院,Tel:0310-8161759,E-mail: zhangxitai8801@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    邯郸市科技发展计划项目“导入野麦基因组DNA选育高抗穗发芽冬小麦新资源”(1212101018Z-8);“邯郸市种质资源创新与分子辅助育种重点试验室建设”(20312904011);国家作物种质资源数据中心观测检测(ZX01S0315)

Wild Wheat Seedlings in Field: The Determination of Pre-harvest Sprouting Resistance and Genetic Analysis

ZHANG Xitai(), XIAO Lei, DONG Ce, XIE Shuqin, LIN Guifen()   

  1. The Biotechnology Research Laboratory of Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Handan 056001, Hebei, China
  • Received:2021-01-06 Revised:2021-05-13 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-09-22
  • Contact: LIN Guifen E-mail:zhangxitai8801@163.com;15100302646@163.com

摘要:

为获得小麦高抗穗发芽种质资源并阐明其遗传背景。以秋收后冬小麦播种前,大田刚萌发出土的野生麦苗为试材,进行集中移栽种植,观测生长一致性、遗传稳定性,淘汰遗传尚不稳定株系,对获得的118个遗传稳定的野生麦苗系进行综合农艺性状调查和穗发芽抗性测定,选出4个综合农艺性状好且高抗穗发芽的种质系。利用SSR分子标记技术分析4个种质系、节节麦及收集野生麦苗地块前5~10年间本地块主栽小麦品种的基因组DNA。通过以上研究,发现有78.8%的野生麦苗系都高抗穗发芽,其中19.5%的野生麦苗系的穗发芽率为0;通过SSR分子标记分析发现4个高抗穗发芽种质系是节节麦和以前主栽小麦品种的杂交后代。收集、移栽、选择、鉴定秋后大田野生麦苗是一条获得小麦抗穗发芽种质资源的新途径。

关键词: 大田野生麦苗, 大田实生麦苗, 节节麦, 穗发芽抗性, 鉴定, 遗传分析

Abstract:

The aims are to obtain the wheat germplasm resources with high resistance to pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) and to clarify the genetic background. After autumn harvest before winter wheat planting, the newly emerged wild wheat seedlings in field were used as test materials. The centralized transplanting cultivation, and growth consistency and genetic stability observation were used to eliminate the strains with unstable inheritance. The comprehensive agronomic characters of 118 wild wheat seedlings with genetic stability were investigated, and the PHS resistance was determined. 4 germplasm lines with good comprehensive agronomic characters and high resistance to PHS were selected. SSR molecular markers were used to analyze the genomic DNA of the 4 germplasm lines, Aegilops tauschii Coss. and local main wheat varieties planted in 5-10 years before wild wheat seedlings. The results showed that 78.8% of the wild wheat seedling lines were highly resistant to PHS, and 19.5% of the wild wheat seedling lines had a PHS rate of 0. The 4 germplasm lines with high resistance to PHS were found to be the hybrids of Aegilops tauschii Coss. and the former main wheat varieties by SSR molecular marker analysis. Collecting, transplanting and identifying wild wheat seedlings in field after autumn could be a new way to obtain wheat germplasm resources resistant to PHS.

Key words: wild wheat seedlings in field, field wheat seedling, Aegilops tauschii Coss., resistance to pre-harvest sprouting, identification, genetic analysis