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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (6): 24-32.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0123

所属专题： 生物技术； 植物保护； 园艺； 农业地理

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

低纬高原甘蔗中后期灾害性真菌病害发生为害调查分析

李文凤1(), 李婕1, 普家荣2, 王晓燕1, 单红丽1, 张荣跃1, 普金安2, 李银煳1, 黄应昆1()   

  1. 1云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所/云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,云南开远 661699
    2新平县经济作物工作站,云南新平653400
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-13 修回日期:2021-08-13 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-07-08
  • 通讯作者: 黄应昆 E-mail:ynlwf@163.com;huangyk64@163.com
  • 作者简介:李文凤,女,1964年出生,云南石屏人,研究员,本科,学士,主要从事甘蔗病害研究。通信地址：661699 云南省开远市灵泉东路363号,Tel：0873-7227004,E-mail： ynlwf@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助“甘蔗真菌性病害防控岗位科学家”(CARS-170303);“云岭产业技术领军人才”培养项目“甘蔗有害生物防控”(2018LJRC56);云南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金“云南省甘蔗产业技术体系植物保护与病害研究岗位科学家”(YNGZTX-4-92)

The Disastrous Fungal Diseases at Middle and Late Stages of Sugarcane Growth in Low Latitude Plateau: Investigation and Analysis of Occurrence and Damage

LI Wenfeng1(), LI Jie1, PU Jiarong2, WANG Xiaoyan1, SHAN Hongli1, ZHANG Rongyue1, PU Jinan2, LI Yinhu1, HUANG Yingkun1()   

  1. 1Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, Yunnan, China
    2Xinping County Economic Crop Workstation, Xinping 653400, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2021-07-13 Revised:2021-08-13 Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-07-08
  • Contact: HUANG Yingkun E-mail:ynlwf@163.com;huangyk64@163.com

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摘要：

为了明确甘蔗中后期灾害性真菌病害种类及灾害特性,对云南蔗区中后期灾害性真菌病害发生分布和品种抗性进行调查鉴定,在成熟期称量和测定甘蔗产量、糖分及损失率。结果表明,云南蔗区中后期灾害性真菌病害有梢腐病、褐条病、锈病3种,梢腐病菌为Fusarium verticillioides和Fusarium proliferatum,褐条病菌为Bipolaris setariae,锈病菌为Puccinia kuehnii和Puccinia melanocephala;‘桂糖11-1076’、‘闽糖12-1404’、‘福农09-2201’、‘福农09-71111’、‘桂糖06-1492’、‘桂糖08-1180’、‘云蔗11-1074’、‘桂糖06-2081’、‘桂糖08-1589’、‘粤甘48号’、‘柳城09-15’、‘云蔗05-51’、‘云蔗11-1204’、‘福农07-3206’等新品种高度抗病。梢腐病、褐条病和锈病实测产量损失率平均为38.43%、25.6%、24.9%,甘蔗糖分平均降低3.54%、2.82%、3.11%。本研究明确了低纬高原甘蔗中后期灾害性真菌病害种类及灾害特性,为防控提供了科学依据。

关键词: 低纬高原, 甘蔗, 真菌病害, 发生为害, 调查分析

Abstract:

In order to clarify the types and damage characteristics of disastrous fungal diseases at the middle and late stages of sugarcane growth, the occurrence and distribution of disastrous fungal diseases and variety resistance at the middle and late stages of sugarcane growth were investigated and identified in Yunnan. The yield, sucrose content and loss rate of sugarcane were weighted and measured at the mature stage. The results showed that there were three disastrous fungal diseases at the middle and late stages of sugarcane growth in Yunnan, including pokkah boeng disease, brown stripe disease and rust disease. The pathogens of pokkah boeng disease were Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum. The pathogen of brown stripe disease was Bipolaris setariae. The pathogens of rust disease were Puccinia kuehnii and Puccinia melanocephala. New varieties, such as ‘Guitang 11-1076’, ‘Mintang 12-1404’, ‘Funong 09-2201’, ‘Funong 09-71111’, ‘Guitang 06-1492’, ‘Guitang 08-1180’, ‘Yunzhe 11-1074’, ‘Guitang 06-2081’, ‘Guitang 08-1589’, ‘Yuegan 48’, ‘Liucheng 09-15’, ‘Yunzhe 05-51’, ‘Yunzhe 11-1204’, and ‘Funong 07-3206’ were highly resistant to these diseases. The measured yield loss rate of pokkah boeng disease, brown stripe disease and rust disease was 38.43%, 25.6% and 24.9%, respectively, and the average sugar content decreased by 3.54%, 2.82% and 3.11%, respectively. This study clarified the types and damage characteristics of disastrous fungal diseases at the middle and late stages of sugarcane growth in low latitude plateau, which could provide a scientific basis for disease control.

Key words: low latitude plateau, sugarcane, fungal disease, occurrence and damage, investigation and analysis