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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (6): 43-48.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2022-0074

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

全生物可降解地膜覆盖大蒜应用效果评价

张相松1(), 房晓燕1, 王献杰1, 张凯2, 王莉2, 刘现明3, 王涛3   

  1. 1 临沂市农业技术推广中心，山东临沂 276001
    2 山东省农业生态与资源保护总站，济南 250100
    3 兰陵县农业技术推广中心，山东临沂 277700
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-05 修回日期:2022-12-09 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-06-15
  • 作者简介:

    张相松，男，1983 年出生，山东临沂人，高级农艺师，硕士研究生，主要从事农业环境监测与保护工作。通信地址：276001 山东省临沂市兰山区北京路9 号东方慧景1919 室，Tel：0539-8961196，E-mail：

  • 基金资助:
    山东省农业重大技术协同推广计划项目“全生物可降解地膜替代技术”(SDNYXTTG-2022-03)

Biodegradable Mulch Film Covering Garlic: An Evaluation on the Application Effect

ZHANG Xiangsong1(), FANG Xiaoyan1, WANG Xianjie1, ZHANG Kai2, WANG Li2, LIU Xianming3, WANG Tao3   

  1. 1 Linyi Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Linyi 276001, Shandong, China
    2 Shandong Station of Agricultural Ecology and Resources Protection, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
    3 Lanling County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Linyi 277700, Shandong, China
  • Received:2022-07-05 Revised:2022-12-09 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-06-15

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摘要：

为评价全生物可降解地膜覆盖大蒜的农田适用性及推广可行性，以裸地(CK1)和2种PE地膜(CK2、CK3)作对照，研究0.006 mm(A)、0.008 mm(B)、0.01 mm(C)和0.01 mm(D)4种全生物可降解地膜的增温、保墒、降解等性能，及对秋播大蒜生长发育的影响。结果发现，参试4种全生物可降解地膜的诱导期长短顺序为D>C>B/A，功能期在210~140 d不等；地膜C和D能满足鲁南地区秋播大蒜对地膜功能期不低于180 d的要求。覆盖PE地膜处理的土壤含水量大于覆盖全生物可降解地膜的处理，且同种类型的地膜厚度越大保墒效果越好。土壤积温按照CK3、D、C、B、A、CK2、CK1的顺序降低。与裸地处理相比，覆膜处理根系数量增加约30%，蒜头产量提高28.06%~34.69%，但覆膜处理间差异不显著。覆盖全生物可降解地膜的处理大蒜抽薹期比覆盖PE地膜晚2~3 d。以上结果表明，全生物可降解地膜的增温、保墒及对大蒜生长发育的促进作用与普通PE地膜相当，可以作为替代普通PE地膜解决蒜田地膜污染的有效措施。

关键词: 大蒜, 全生物可降解地膜, 增温, 保墒, 诱导期

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the farmland applicability and extension feasibility of biodegradable mulch film covering garlic, this study investigated soil temperature increase effect, soil moisture conservation effect and degradation property of four kinds of biodegradable mulch film, including 0.006 mm (A), 0.008 mm (B), 0.01 mm (C) and 0.01 mm (D), on the growth and development of autumn sowing garlic, with bare ground (CK1) and two types of PE mulch film (CK2 and CK3) as the controls. The results showed that the order of the induction period of the four kinds of biodegradable mulch film was D>C>B/A, and the functional period ranged from 210 days to 140 days. Mulch film C and D could meet the requirements of autumn sowing garlic in southern Shandong for the functional period of mulch film being no less than 180 days. The soil moisture content of PE mulching was higher than that of biodegradable film mulching, and for the same type of mulch film, the greater the film thickness, the better the soil moisture conservation effect. Soil accumulated temperature decreased in the order of CK3, D, C, B, A, CK2, and CK1. Compared with the bare land treatment, film mulching treatments increased the number of roots by about 30% and garlic yield by 28.06%-34.69%, but there was no significant difference among the film mulching treatments. The bolting stage of garlic covered with biodegradable mulch film was 2-3 days later than that covered with PE film. In conclusion, the biodegradable mulch film can increase soil temperature, preserve soil moisture and promote the growth of garlic, and the effects are equivalent to those of common PE mulch film. The biodegradable film can be used as an effective way to replace the common PE mulch film to solve the pollution problem in garlic fields.

Key words: garlic, biodegradable mulch film, temperature increase, soil moisture conservation, induction period