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农学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (12): 45-49.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0089

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

施肥处理对番石榴生长、产量和品质的影响

范晓玥(), 陈斌, 姚立萍, 赵依杰()   

  1. 福州市农业科学研究所,福州 350018
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-08 修回日期:2024-10-22 出版日期:2024-12-20 发布日期:2024-12-20
  • 通讯作者:
    赵依杰,男,1970年出生,福建长乐人,研究员,硕士,研究方向:果树品种选育与栽培生理。通信地址:350018福建省福州市仓山区城门镇 福州市农业科学研究所,Tel:0591-83508673,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    范晓玥,女,1991年出生,福建南平人,研究实习员,学士,研究方向:果树栽培与生理。通信地址:350018 福建省福州市仓山区城门镇 福州市农业科学研究所,Tel:0591-83508673,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    福建省科技厅星火项目“‘珍珠’番石榴绿色高效栽培技术集成与示范推广”(2022S0002)

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Growth, Yield and Quality of Guava

FAN Xiaoyue(), CHEN Bin, YAO Liping, ZHAO Yijie()   

  1. Fuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350018, Fujian, China
  • Received:2024-05-08 Revised:2024-10-22 Online:2024-12-20 Published:2024-12-20

摘要:

本研究旨在探讨不同施肥处理对番石榴生长、产量和果实品质的影响。试验设置不施肥(CK)、单施有机肥15 kg/株(T1)、常规施用复合肥2 kg/株(T2)、有机肥15 kg/株+复合肥1.6 kg/株(T3)、有机肥15 kg/株+复合肥1.2 kg/株(T4)、有机肥15 kg/株+复合肥0.8 kg/株(T5)6个处理,测定番石榴生长、产量及品质等指标。结果表明,T3处理枝长比T2处理增加15.75%;T3处理2批果实纵径比T2处理分别增加7.73%和7.49%,横径比T2处理分别增加9.57%和9.97%;T3处理2批果实平均单果重比T2处理分别增加18.80%和21.36%。T3、T4处理对果实品质改善效果较好;其中T3处理2批果实的维生素C含量比T2处理分别提高19.98%和10.80%;可溶性固形物含量分别提高19.61%和11.30%;T4处理2批果实总糖含量比T2处理分别提高25.97%和27.18%,还原糖含量分别提高27.24%和36.27%,粗纤维含量分别降低24.19%和24.43%。综上所述,与不施肥或单施肥处理相比,每株增施有机肥15 kg、配施1.2~1.6 kg复合肥能更显著地提升番石榴的产质量。

关键词: 番石榴, 有机肥, 复合肥减量, 产量, 品质, 施肥处理, 生长指标

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth, yield and fruit quality of guava, no fertilization (CK), single application of organic fertilizer 15 kg/plant (T1), conventional application of compound fertilizer 2 kg/plant (T2), organic fertilizer 15 kg/plant+ compound fertilizer 1.6 kg/plant (T3), organic fertilizer 15 kg/plant+ compound fertilizer 1.2 kg/plant (T4) and organic fertilizer 15 kg/plant+ compound fertilizer 0.8 kg/plant (T5) were set up. The results showed that the branch length of T3 increased by 15.75% compared with T2, the longitudinal diameter of the two batches of fruits increased by 7.73% and 7.49% compared to T2, and the transverse diameter increased by 9.57% and 9.97%. The average single fruit mass of two batches of fruits treated with T3 increased by 18.80% and 21.36% compared to T2. The T3 and T4 had a better effect on improving fruit quality. Among them, the vitamin C content of the two batches of fruits treated with T3 increased by 19.98% and 10.80% compared to T2 treatment, and the soluble solids content increased by 19.61% and 11.30%. The total sugar content of two batches of fruits treated with T4 increased by 25.97% and 27.18% compared to T2, the reducing sugar content increased by 27.24% and 36.27%, and the crude fiber content decreased by 24.19% and 24.43%. To sum up, compared with the treatment of no fertilization or single fertilization, increasing the application of organic fertilizer by 15 kg and adding 1.2-1.6 kg of compound fertilizer per plant have a more significant promotion effect on improving the yield and quality of guava.

Key words: guava, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer reduction, yield, quality, fertilization treatment, growth indicators