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农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (10): 92-100.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0134

• 农业信息农业气象 • 上一篇    

近50年衡阳烟区气候变化及气象风险时空分布特征

肖健1,2(), 许笛1, 刘慧1(), 陈嘉欣1, 彭双姿1, 曹志辉3, 唐子茜4, 杨超敏5   

  1. 1 衡阳市气象局, 湖南衡阳 421000
    2 气象防灾减灾湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410118
    3 衡阳市烟草公司, 湖南衡阳 421000
    4 雷丁大学, 英国雷丁 RG6 6UR
    5 衡阳县气象局, 湖南衡阳 421299
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-08 修回日期:2025-05-14 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2025-10-17
  • 通讯作者:
    刘慧,女,1992年出生,湖南衡阳人,工程师,硕士,主要从事气象灾害风险评估和应用气象服务工作。通信地址:421000 湖南省衡阳市石鼓区惜香路衡阳市气象局,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    肖健,女,1972年出生,湖南衡阳人,高级政工师,硕士,主要从事气象服务方面的工作。通信地址:421000 湖南省衡阳市石鼓区惜香路衡阳市气象局,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司2023年项目“衡阳地区烟叶优质高产气象保障服务研究与应用”(HYYC2023KJ35); 衡阳市气象局2024年项目“气象条件对衡阳地区烟叶生长发育的影响研究”(HYXQKJ24B001); 湖南省气象局2020年重点课题项目(XQKJ20A002)

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Climate Change and Meteorological Risk in Tobacco-Growing Areas of Hengyang in Recent 50 Years

XIAO Jian1,2(), XU Di1, LIU Hui1(), CHEN Jiaxin1, PENG Shuangzi1, CAO Zhihui3, TANG Zixi4, YANG Chaomin5   

  1. 1 Hengyang Meteorological Bureau, Hengyang Hunan 421000
    2 Meteorological Disater Prevention and Mitigation Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha 410118
    3 Hengyang Tobacco Company, Hengyang Hunan 421000
    4 University of Reading, UK Reading RG6 6UR
    5 Hengyang County Meteorological Bureau, Hengyang, Hunan 421299
  • Received:2024-07-08 Revised:2025-05-14 Online:2025-10-20 Published:2025-10-17

摘要:

为探究衡阳烟区气候变化规律和气象灾害风险时空分布特征,选取衡阳烟区5个县市1971—2020年气象资料,通过线性趋势分析和相关分析方法,研究大田期平均气温变化、降水量、日照时数变化特征以及低温、高温、暴雨和干旱风险,对气候资源变化和气象风险变化进行相关分析。结果表明:近50 a来,衡阳烟区大田期平均气温总体呈极显著升高态势,降水量波动变化呈显著性增大,平均日照时数显著减少。低温风险主要集中在伸根期,衡南、衡阳县发生低温风险相对较高,近年来呈下降趋势。高温风险主要发生在成熟后期,以常宁为中心的南部区域高温风险相对较高,成熟期高温风险的增加与平均气温的升高呈显著正相关,成熟后期高温风险还与降水量呈显著负相关。以常宁、耒阳为中心的南部地区暴雨风险相对较高,呈增加趋势,可能与成熟后期雨量的增加有关。耒阳伸根期干旱程度较为明显,有增加态势;衡阳县、祁东旺长期—成熟前期干旱风险相对较高,除衡阳县外,其他县市干旱风险有所缓解。综上,建议在实际生产中,要在不同生育期根据不同气象风险做好应对措施,防范气象灾害对烟叶生长和品质带来的不利影响。

关键词: 衡阳烟区, 气候变化, 气象风险, 时空分布, 烟叶生育期

Abstract:

In order to understand the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of climate change and meteorological disaster risk in tobacco-growing areas of Hengyang, based on the meteorological data from 1971 to 2020 in 5 counties and cities of Hengyang tobacco-growing area, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of climate change and meteorological risk were quantitatively analyzed by linear trend analysis and correlation analysis. The results showed that in the past 50 years, the average field temperature in the tobacco-growing areas of Hengyang increased significantly, the fluctuation of precipitation increased significantly, and the average sunshine hours decreased significantly. The risk of low temperature was mainly concentrated in the elongation stage. The risk of low temperature in Hengnan County and Hengyang County was relatively high and had a decreasing trend in recent years. The risk of high temperature mainly occurred in the later stage of maturation. The risk of high temperature in the southern region, centered in Changning, was relatively high. The increase of high temperature risk in the mature stage was significantly positively correlated with the increase of average temperature, there was a significant negative correlation between the risk of high temperature and precipitation. The southern regions of Changning and Leiyang had a relatively high rainstorm risk with an increasing trend, which may be related to the increase of rainfall in the later stage of maturity. In Leiyang, the drought degree at the elongation stage was more obvious and showed an increasing tendency, while the drought risk was relatively higher at the peak-early maturity stage in Hengyang County and Qidong County, and the drought risk was alleviated in other counties except Hengyang County. Finally, several practical recommendations are proposed for production. Preventive measures should be implemented at different growth stages to address varying meteorological risks, mitigating the adverse effects of weather disasters on tobacco growth and quality.

Key words: Hengyang, climate change, meteorological risk, spatial and temporal distribution, tobacco growth period