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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (2): 25-29.

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

城市园林土壤板结机理及改良研究

郑浴 张艳丽 王琨 周游 杨晓红 鞠学勇 何炜 张慧心   

  • 收稿日期:2011-02-23 修回日期:2011-04-15 出版日期:2011-04-25 发布日期:2011-04-25
  • 基金资助:

    重庆市建委科学技术项目“城市园林绿化土壤板结机理及综合配套改良技术研究”

Hardening Mechanism and the Improvement on the Urban Landscape Greenbelt Soil

  • Received:2011-02-23 Revised:2011-04-15 Online:2011-04-25 Published:2011-04-25

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摘要：

为了改良城市园林板结土壤的质量，促进城市绿地持续、健康发展，对重庆市主城9区园林绿化板结土壤的容重、粗骨物质、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、微生物种群数量、植物配置等理化及生物学性质进行了研究。结果表明，城市园林绿化土壤板结的主要原因是：（1）人为压实严重，土壤容重总平均值为(1.47±0.05) g/cm3，最高的可达1.72 g/cm3；（2）粗骨物质多，各区含量总平均值为(40.2±4.43)%；（3）有机质含量低，总平均值为(27.2±1.1) g/kg；碱解氮、速效钾等有效养分含量偏低，总平均值分别为(39.4±1.1) mg/kg和(87.3±1.9) mg/kg；（4）植物配置不合理；（5）土壤微生物种群数量少，细菌数量、真菌数量和放线菌数量的总平均值分别为(29.71±7.8)×105 cfu/g、(9.98±1.55)×103 cfu/g和(7.6±1.64)×105 cfu/g。基于城市园林土壤的板结机理，结合景观生态学、共生生物学原理，提出了改良城市园林板结土壤的综合配套改良技术。

关键词: 锌, 锌, 燕麦, α-淀粉酶, 根系活力, 细胞膜透性, 硝酸还原酶

Abstract:

In order to improve the quality of urban landscape greenbelt soil, to keep the urban greenbelt sustainable and healthy, the important characters of urban greenbelts in the nine main districts of Chongqing, such as the bulk density, anthropic-materials，organic matter, available N, P, K and biological quality, were investigated. The results showed that there were five most significant factors resulting in the hardening of the urban soil. The first was the artificial compaction. The total average value of soil bulk density was (1.47±0.05) g/cm3, the highest one was 1.72 g/cm3. The second was a lot of anthropic-materials. The average number was (40.2±4.43)%. The third was low organic content. The average value was (27.2±1.1) g/kg, available N and K content were low, available N content was (39.4±1.1) mg/kg, while available K was (87.3±1.9) mg/kg. The fourth was the unreasonable plant disposition. The last factor was unbalance in the population of soil microbes. The average number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycete respectively were (29.71±7.8)×105 cfu/g, (9.98±1.55)×103 cfu/g and (7.6±1.64)×105 cfu/g. Based on the principles of landscape ecology and symbiosis science, the integrative techniques were put forward for improving hardened and impervious urban landscape soil. The integrative improved techniques will benefit to the sustainable development of the urban greenbelts.