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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (7): 23-33.

所属专题： 现代农业发展与乡村振兴； 农业生态

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

高效生态农业概述

黄国勤 赵其国 龚绍林 石庆华   

  • 收稿日期:2011-06-08 修回日期:2011-07-18 出版日期:2011-09-26 发布日期:2011-09-26
  • 基金资助:

    广西红壤肥力与生态功能协同演变机制与调控

The Overview of Eco-agriculture with High Efficiency

  • Received:2011-06-08 Revised:2011-07-18 Online:2011-09-26 Published:2011-09-26

PDF (PC)

2588

摘要：

笔者从高效生态农业的提出、内涵、特征、原理、模式、技术等6个方面，对高效生态农业的理论与实践进展进行了全面、系统地分析和讨论。结果表明：（1）高效生态农业是1991年在国内首先提出；（2）高效生态农业突出强调“高效”、“生态”、“结合”；（3）高效生态农业具有生物多、环境佳、结构良、功能强、质量优、效益高、低排放、可持续的特征；（4）高效生态农业增产增效的原理在于充分用地、立体用光、超额用季、多层用水、高效用肥、共生互补、生态减灾、循环利用；（5）高效生态农业的典型模式有立体利用型、生物共生型、多业结合型、产业延伸型、科技带动型、环境整治型、资源再生型、休闲观光型；（6）高效生态农业的关键技术有资源节约技术、水肥调控技术、生物养地技术、防灾减灾技术、综合利用技术、水土保持技术、结构调整技术、能源开发技术、流域治理技术、现代高新技术。

关键词: 扁桃, 扁桃, 克隆, CBF2, 生物信息学, 原核表达

Abstract:

From the purpose, content, characteristics, principles, patterns and technology of eco-agriculture with high efficiency, the theory and practice of eco-agriculture with high efficiency had been analyzed generally and systematically. The results showed that: (1) the concept of eco-agriculture with high efficiency was purposed in 1991 in China; (2) Eco-agriculture with high efficiency emphasized on the ‘high efficiency’, ‘ecological’ and ‘combine’; (3) Eco-agriculture with high efficiency had a lot of characteristics with more organisms, good environment, good structure, strong function, good quality, high efficiency, low-carbon emissions, and sustainable development; (4) The principle of the eco-agriculture with high efficiency with the increasing of output and efficiency lay with full use of land, three-dimensional use of sunlight energy, excess use of seasons, multi-layer use of moisture, high efficient use of fertilizer, symbiosis and complementation among organisms, ecological disaster-reduction, and recycling use of agricultural resource; (5) The typical modes of eco-agriculture with high efficiency were these: the three-dimensional use of agricultural resource, the type of biological symbiosis among organisms, the conjunction type of conglomerate, the type of the industrial extension, the technology-driven type, the type of the environmental improvement, the resource recycling type, and the type of the leisure travel; (6) The key technologies of eco-agriculture with high efficiency were these: the resources saving technology, the irrigation and fertilization regulating technology, the biological soil improving technology, the disaster prevention and reduction technology, the resource comprehensive utilization technology, the soil and water conservation technology, structural adjustment technology, the new energy development technology, the valley harnessing technology, and the current modern new high technology.