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农学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4): 39-45.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2021-0210

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川丘区旱作农药高效减量施用与绿色替代技术研究进展

符慧娟1(), 李星月1, 易军1, 李其勇1, 罗聪聪1, 张鸿2()   

  1. 1 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西南作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,成都 610066
    2 四川省农业科学院,成都 610066
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-09 修回日期:2022-03-05 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 张鸿,男,1970年出生,四川南江人,研究员,博士,主要从事作物栽培与绿色生产技术研究工作。通信地址:610066 成都市锦江区狮子山路4号 四川省农业科学院,Tel:028-84504005,E-mail:zhh503@163.com
  • 作者简介:

    符慧娟,女,1991年出生,四川自贡人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事有害生物综合防治研究。通信地址:610066 成都市锦江区净居寺路20号 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所,Tel:028-84504801,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技计划“主要农作物抗病虫性鉴定和监测技术研究与应用”(2021YFYZ0021); 国家重点研发计划“基于昆虫病原线虫与寄主互作机制的隐蔽性(蛀干/土栖)害虫生物防治技术研究”(2019YFE0120400); 四川省财政自主创新专项“水稻玉米绿色高效关键技术研究与示范”(2022ZZCX019); 农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项“西南丘陵旱地粮油作物节水节肥节药综合技术集成与示范”(201503127); 四川省农业科学院人才基金之青年领军人才研究基金项目“昆虫病原线虫防治“玉米型”草地贪夜蛾的高效剂型研究”(2020LJRC008); 四川省科技计划项目“川果、川茶连作生态系统病虫害绿色防控技术研究”(21RCYJ0024)

High-efficiency Pesticide Reduction and Green Alternative Technology in Sichuan Hilly Area: A Review

FU Huijuan1(), LI Xingyue1, YI Jun1, LI Qiyong1, LUO Congcong1, ZHANG Hong2()   

  1. 1 Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
    2 Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2021-12-09 Revised:2022-03-05 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-04-18

摘要:

农药减量施用和绿色替代技术是农业绿色发展的必然要求,也是保证农产品质量和食品安全的有效途径。为了有效推进农业绿色发展,持续改善农业生态环境,通过查阅大量文献并结合科学研究和生产实践,总结了适宜四川丘区农业生产的农药高效减量施用和绿色替代技术(化学农药零施用技术、农药节约减量施用技术和农药精准高效施用技术)。(1)化学农药零施用技术是通过物理、生物和农业措施等达到不施农药防治病虫害目的;(2)农药节约减量施用技术主要通过开发高效农药品种和添加高效助剂实现化学农药减量施用;(3)农药精准高效施用技术即在作物病虫害预测预报的基础上做到“八准”施药,以求使用最少的药剂达到最佳的防治效果。科学高效的农药施用和绿色替代技术是实现中国农业高质量发展的重要前提,为四川丘区农业高效绿色生产提出了病虫防控研究与技术指导意见。

关键词: 四川丘区, 农业, 农药减量施用, 绿色替代技术, 化学农药

Abstract:

Pesticide reduction and green alternative technology are inevitable requirements for the green development of agriculture, and also an effective way to ensure the quality of agricultural products and food safety. In order to effectively promote the green development of agriculture and continuously improve agricultural ecological environment, based on literature, scientific research results and production practices, this study summarized high-efficiency pesticide reduction and green alternative technologies (zero application of chemical pesticides, pesticide reduction, and precise and efficient pesticide application) suitable for agricultural production in Sichuan hilly area. (1) Zero application of chemical pesticides aims to prevent and control pests and diseases through physical, biological and agricultural measures. (2) Pesticide reduction realizes less application of chemical pesticides mainly through the development of high-effective pesticides and the addition of high-effective additives. (3) Precise and efficient pesticide application is based on the prediction and forecast of crop diseases and insect pests to achieve the best control effect with the least amount of pesticides. Scientific and high-efficiency pesticide application and green alternative technology are important premise for achieving high-quality and green development of agriculture in China. This study can provide certain guidance for the prevention and control of pests and diseases, and the efficient and green agricultural production in Sichuan hilly area.

Key words: Sichuan hilly area, agriculture, pesticide reduction, green alternative technology, chemical pesticides