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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (11): 65-71.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2025-0071

• 林学 园艺 园林 食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

顶端副梢摘心方式对‘夏黑’葡萄果实品质的影响

唐忠建1(), 张金枝1, 江铮1, 王晓梅1(), 戴志新1, 王小平1, 谭玉鹏1, 樊雯娟2, 张连杰3   

  1. 1 新疆农业职业技术大学，新疆昌吉 831100
    2 昌吉市农牧业技术推广中心，新疆昌吉 831100
    3 新疆沪联生物科技有限公司，新疆石河子 832011
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-25 修回日期:2025-08-20 出版日期:2025-11-19 发布日期:2025-11-19
  • 通讯作者:
    王晓梅，女，1980年出生，新疆昌吉人，讲师，研究生，研究方向：园林树木栽植技术与园林规划设计。通信地址：831100 新疆昌吉文化东路29号 新疆农业职业技术大学，Tel：0994-2344030，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    唐忠建，男，1973年出生，陕西勉县人，副教授，研究生，研究方向：新疆特色林果标准化生产与贮藏保鲜技术研究。通信地址：831100 新疆昌吉文化东路29号 新疆农业职业技术大学，Tel：0994-2344030，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    新疆农业职业技术大学2025年校级科研项目“葡萄省力化栽培技术应用与推广”(XJNZDZK202504); 新疆维吾尔自治区第一批三农骨干人才项目“有机葡萄标准化生产技术示范与推广”(2022SNGGNT101); 新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅科技特派员项目“鲜食葡萄提质增效关键技术研究与示范推广”(2022bkf181)

Effect of Pinching Method for Apical Lateral Shoot on Fruit Quality of ‘Summer Black’ Grape

TANG Zhongjian1(), ZHANG Jinzhi1, JIANG Zheng1, WANG Xiaomei1(), DAI Zhixin1, WANG Xiaoping1, TAN Yupeng1, FAN Wenjuan2, ZHANG Lianjie3   

  1. 1 Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational and Technical University, Changji, Xinjiang 831100
    2 Changji City Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center, Changji, Xinjiang 831100
    3 Xinjiang Hulian Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shihezi, Xinjiang? 832011
  • Received:2025-03-25 Revised:2025-08-20 Online:2025-11-19 Published:2025-11-19

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摘要：

为研究顶端副梢摘心方式对‘夏黑’葡萄果实品质的影响，以7年生‘夏黑’葡萄为试验材料，探究主梢与副梢修剪对果实品质的影响。试验设计为主梢超第3道铁丝后留2~3叶摘心，并保留2个副梢；果穗上方副梢留5叶摘心，顶端副梢分别留2、4、6、8叶摘心，另设不摘心对照，共5种处理。结果显示，与对照组相比，顶端副梢不同留叶摘心处理显著提升了果穗重量、可溶性固形物、可溶性还原糖及果皮总花色苷含量。其中，留4或8叶摘心的处理在果实感官评分及酚类物质含量上更优，留4叶摘心更有利于糖分积累。新疆昌吉地区‘夏黑’葡萄推荐修剪策略为主梢留2个副梢，超第3道铁丝后留2~3叶摘心，果穗上部副梢留5叶摘心，顶端副梢留4叶摘心，其余副梢去除，不关注二次副梢生长。

关键词: ‘夏黑’葡萄, 主梢, 顶端副梢, 摘心方式, 外观质量, 内在品质

Abstract:

To study the effects of pinching methods for apical lateral shoot on the fruit quality of grapes, seven-year-old mature ‘Summer Black’ grape were used as experimental materials to explore the effects of main shoot and lateral shoot pruning on fruit quality. The experimental design was that after the main shoot exceeded the third wire, 2-3 leaves were left for topping, and 2 lateral shoots were retained. The lateral shoot above the fruit cluster was topped with 5 leaves left, and the apical lateral shoots were topped with 2, 4, 6, and 8 leaves left respectively. In addition, a non-topping (CK) was used as control, with a total of 5 treatments. The results showed that compared with the control group, the treatments of topping with different numbers of leaves left on the apical lateral shoots significantly increased the fruit cluster weight, soluble solids, soluble reducing sugars, and total anthocyanin content in the peel. Among them, the treatments of topping with 4 or 8 leaves left were better in terms of fruit sensory scores and phenolic substance content, and topping with 4 leaves left was more conducive to sugar accumulation. For the Changji region in Xinjiang, the recommended pruning strategy for ‘Summer Black’ grape is as follows: retain 2 lateral shoots on the main shoot, leave 2-3 leaves for topping after the main shoot exceeds the third wire, leave 5 leaves for topping on the lateral shoot above the fruit cluster, leave 4 leaves for topping on the apical lateral shoot, remove the rest of the lateral shoots, and let the secondary lateral shoots grow freely.

Key words: ‘Summer Black’ grape, main shoot, apical lateral shoot, pinching method, appearance quality, internal quality