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农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (8): 30-38.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0101

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

浙西地区柑橘园土壤酸化现状和石灰需求量评估

张圆圆1(), 丁志峰2, 章明奎2()   

  1. 1 金华市浦江县农业技术推广中心,浙江金华 322200
    2 浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州 310058
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-16 修回日期:2024-08-16 出版日期:2025-08-20 发布日期:2025-08-18
  • 通讯作者:
    章明奎,男,1964年出生,浙江绍兴人,教授,博士,主要从事土壤质量管理方面的研究。通信地址:310058 杭州市西湖区余杭塘路866号 浙江大学紫金港校区环境与资源学院,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张圆圆,女,1986年出生,浙江浦江人,农艺师,硕士,主要从事土壤与肥料技术研究和推广。通信地址:322200 浙江省浦江县西山北路75号 浦江县农业技术推广中心,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“亚热带小型海岛丘陵土壤的发生与空间分异及其土系建立的研究”(42271047)

Study on Soil Acidification Characteristics, Acid Buffering Performance and Lime Demand in Citrus Orchards in Western Zhejiang

ZHANG Yuanyuan1(), DING Zhifeng2, ZHANG Mingkui2()   

  1. 1 Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Pujiang County, Jinhua Zhejiang 322200
    2 College of Environment and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058
  • Received:2024-05-16 Revised:2024-08-16 Online:2025-08-20 Published:2025-08-18

摘要: 旨在研究浙西地区柑橘园土壤酸化特征,为橘园酸性土壤改良和可持续利用提供参考。选择浙西地区26个橘园开展土壤调查,分析了土壤交换性酸的组成、酸缓冲性能及其与土壤性状的关系;并以土壤加石灰培养法确定的石灰需求量为参照,评估了SMP缓冲法、交换性酸中和估算法、氢氧化钙混合滴定法、氯化钙交换—氢氧化钙中和滴定法和根据土壤理化性质估算法5种石灰需求量估算方法的适用性。结果表明:调查橘园土壤pH在3.11~6.52之间,其中88.5%的土壤pH低于柑橘适宜生长范围(pH 5.0~6.5);由紫砂岩风化物发育而来的土壤(pH 4.80)高于其他母质土壤,其后依次为洪积物(pH 4.41)、河流冲积物(pH 4.36)、石英砂岩风化物(pH 4.24)、酸性岩风化物(pH 4.23)发育的土壤;土壤交换性酸含量在0.05~6.66 cmol/kg之间,水解性酸含量在2.24~16.05 cmol/kg之间,紫砂岩风化物、河流冲积物和洪积物发育土壤的潜性酸的含量相对较低。土壤酸缓冲容量与游离氧化铁含量、阳离子交换量、交换性钙、盐基离子总量、盐基饱和度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与土壤交换性Al3+含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05),其中土壤交换性钙和游离氧化铁对土壤酸缓冲容量贡献最大,紫砂岩发育的土壤有着较高的交换性钙和游离氧化铁含量,故而缓冲容量较高。随着园龄的增加,土壤活性酸和潜性酸含量上升,交换性盐基和土壤酸缓冲能力下降。石灰需求量不同估算方法的结果比较表明,SMP缓冲法在估算石灰需求量较高的土壤时准确性较高,氢氧化钙混合滴定法与培养实验结果线性相关程度最高,这2种方法相对适用于浙西橘园土壤石灰需求量的估算。

关键词: 浙西地区, 柑橘园, 酸性土壤, 酸缓冲能力, 石灰需求量

Abstract:

To understand the characteristics of citrus orchard soil acidification in western Zhejiang for providing reference for citrus orchard acid soil improvement and sustainable development, 26 citrus orchards in western Zhejiang were selected for soil investigation. The composition of soil exchangeable acids, acid buffering capacity and their relationship with soil properties were analyzed. The applicability of five lime demand estimation methods, namely SMP buffer method, exchangeable acid neutralization estimation method, calcium hydroxide mixed titration method, calcium chloride exchange calcium hydroxide neutralization titration method and estimation method based on soil physical and chemical properties, were evaluated with reference to the lime demand determined by soil lime adding cultivation method. The results showed that the soil pH of the investigated orchard was pH 3.11-6.52, and 88.5% of the soil pH was lower than the suitable growth range of citrus (pH 5.0-6.5). The soil pH (pH 4.80) developed from purple sandstone was higher than that of other parent materials, followed by the soil developed from diluvium (pH 4.41), river alluvium (pH 4.36), quartz sandstone (pH 4.24) and acid rock (pH 4.23). The content of exchangeable acid in the soils was 0.05-6.66 cmol/kg, and the content of hydrolytic acid was 2.24-16.05 cmol/kg. The content of potential acids in the soils developed from purple sandstone, river alluvium and diluvium were relatively low. Soil acid buffer capacity was significantly positively correlated with free iron oxide content, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable calcium, total base ions, and base saturation (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with soil exchangeable Al3+content (P<0.05). Among them, soil exchangeable calcium and free iron oxide contributed the most to soil acid buffer capacity. Soil developed from purple sandstone had higher exchangeable calcium and free iron oxide content, so the buffer capacity was higher. With the increase of garden age, the contents of active acid and potential acid increased, while exchangeable base and soil acid buffer capacity decreased. The results with different estimation methods of lime demand showed that SMP method was more accurate in estimating the soil with higher lime demand, and the calcium hydroxide mixed titration method had the highest linear correlation with the results of incubation experiments. These two methods were relatively suitable for the estimation of soil lime demand of orange orchards in western Zhejiang.

Key words: western Zhejiang, citrus orchard, acid soil, acid buffer capacity, lime application rate