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农学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (8): 62-67.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2020-0270

所属专题: 生物技术 烟草种植与生产 耕地保护

• 林学/园艺/园林/食用菌 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤改良材料对土壤理化性质及烤烟产质量的影响

郭山虎1(), 周宗贵2, 刘敏1, 盘文政3, 张丽芳2, 赵学通2(), 张琪3, 肖勇飞3   

  1. 1湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,长沙 410014
    2云南云叶化肥股份有限公司,昆明 650217
    3云南省微生物发酵工程研究中心有限公司,昆明 650217
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-14 修回日期:2021-02-06 出版日期:2022-08-20 发布日期:2022-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 赵学通 E-mail:guoshh0407@hngytobacco.com;1473699132@qq.com
  • 作者简介:郭山虎,男,1981年出生,河南许昌人,硕士,主要从事烟草栽培和烟叶生产的研究。通信地址:410014 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,Tel:0731-85098227,E-mail: guoshh0407@hngytobacco.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南中烟工业有限公司资助项目“彰显清香型风格特色烟叶生产技术集成与推广”(KY2017JD0003)

Effects of Soil Improvement Materials on Physicochemical Properties of Soil and Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

GUO Shanhu1(), ZHOU Zonggui2, LIU Min1, PAN Wenzheng3, ZHANG Lifang2, ZHAO Xuetong2(), ZHANG Qi3, XIAO Yongfei3   

  1. 1China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha 410014, Hunan, China
    2Yunnan Yunye Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Kunming 650217, Yunnan, China
    3Yunnan Fermentation Engineering Research Center Co., Ltd., Kunming 650217, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2020-12-14 Revised:2021-02-06 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-09-22
  • Contact: ZHAO Xuetong E-mail:guoshh0407@hngytobacco.com;1473699132@qq.com

摘要:

为了研究不同土壤改良材料对土壤理化性质及烤烟产质量的影响,采用单因素试验对土壤改良剂、生物磷肥、酵素炭、土壤调理剂和土壤培肥剂5种土壤改良材料的改良效果进行了研究。试验结果表明:(1)5种土壤改良材料均可降低采烤后土壤中有机质、水解性氮、有效铜、有效锰和有效硼含量,同时可提高土壤pH、交换性钙、交换性镁和有效硫含量;(2)除土壤调理剂降低茎围外,其他改良材料均可促进烟株生长发育,能不同程度增加株高或茎围,同时改良材料均对最大叶长、宽无明显影响;(3)土壤改良剂能使烤烟化学成分更趋于协调,除总糖含量略高于优质烟叶范围外其他化学成分均符合优质烟叶的生产;(4)酵素炭和土壤改良剂有利于改善烤烟物理特性,分别在保持单位面积重量和含水率上有较好的作用;(5)5种土壤改良材料均可提高产值,其中土壤改良剂效果最好,产量增加了27 kg/hm2、产值增加了11171.25元/hm2、上等烟比例增加了5.1%、中上等烟比例增加了2.95%。

关键词: 烤烟, 酸性土壤, 改良材料, 土壤调理剂, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

To study the effects of different soil improvement materials on soil physicochemical properties and yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, single factor experiment was used to explore the effects of five soil improvement materials, namely, soil improvement agent, bio-phosphate fertilizer, ferment carbon, soil conditioner and soil fertilizing agent. The results are as follows: (1) The five soil improvement materials could reduce the content of organic matter, hydrolysable nitrogen, available copper, available manganese and available boron, and increase pH, and the content of exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium and available sulfur in tobacco planting soil. (2) Except that soil conditioner could reduce the stem girth, other materials could promote the growth and development of tobacco plants, increase the plant height or stem girth in varying degrees, while all the improvement materials had no significant effect on the maximum leaf length and width. (3) Soil improvement agent could make the chemical compositions of flue-cured tobacco more harmonious, except that the total sugar content was slightly higher than that of high-quality tobacco leaves, other chemical compositions were consistent with the production of high-quality tobacco leaves. (4) Ferment carbon and soil improvement agent were beneficial to improving the physical characteristics of flue-cured tobacco, and had better effect on maintaining the weight per unit area and moisture content respectively. (5) The five soil improvement materials could all increase the output value, and the effect of soil improvement agent was the best with the increase of the tobacco yield by 27 kg/hm2, the output value by 11171.25 yuan/hm2, the proportion of superior tobacco leaves by 5.1%, and the proportion of medium and superior tobacco leaves by 2.95%.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco, acid soil, improvement materials, soil conditioner, yield, quality

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