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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (3): 25-30.

所属专题： 现代农业发展与乡村振兴； 农业气象

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

石羊河流域1970—2009年气候变化对农业生产结构的影响

李万希 马兴祥 丁文魁   

  • 收稿日期:2011-07-11 修回日期:2011-10-29 出版日期:2012-03-20 发布日期:2012-03-20

Effects of Nearly 40 Years Climate Change of Shiyang River Basin on Agricultural Production Structure

  • Received:2011-07-11 Revised:2011-10-29 Online:2012-03-20 Published:2012-03-20

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摘要：

为了提高人们认识气候变暖对农业生产的利弊关系，把握影响粮食生产主要气象因子，适时调整农业种植结构，趋利避害，达到粮食高产稳产的目的，依据石羊河流域5个气象站1970—2009年的资料，将资料分为2个阶段1970—1989年，1990—2009年，然后分别统计年、月、春（3—5月）、夏（6—8月）、秋（9—11月）、冬（11—次年2月）四季平均气温、降水、积温、无霜期日数等相关资料进行前后对比分析，结果表明，1990—2009年较1970—1989年，年平均气温升高了1.0℃，升温春季 > 冬季 > 夏秋季；年降水增加了5.7 mm，在月季分布上6月减少了7.1 mm，7月增加了4.4 mm，且时空分布不均；同时农耕期的有效积温明显增多，无霜期日数增加，使农业种植结构发生了变化，玉米、葡萄、棉花等喜温作物种植面积进一步扩大，春小麦、春油菜等喜凉作物种植面积逐年减少，小麦收获后剩余积温增加，热量对套种、复种品种的限制作用大幅降低，使当地农业生产由过去一年一熟朝着一年两熟的趋势发展。

关键词: 莜麦, 莜麦, 工艺流程, 正交试验, 风味, 熟化工艺

Abstract:

In order to improve the people know climate warming to agricultural production the advantages and disadvantages of the relationship, grasp the main meteorological factors on food production, timely adjust agricultural planting structure, draw on advantages and avoid disadvantages, and to ensure that food to the purpose of the high and stable. Based on the Meteorological information by five Bureau of Meteorology in Shiyang River Basin from 1970 to 2009.1970-1989 for the first 20 years,1990-2009 years for the latter .Statistics the data of average temperature, precipitation, accumulated temperature, frost-free period and other relevant data in Year, month, spring (March to May), summer (June to August), autumn (September to November) and winter (November to February) four seasons, contrasted the first 20 years, with the latter 20 years. The average temperatures has increased by 1.0℃ that compared the latter 20 years to the first 20 year, and the warming spring > winter > summer and autumn. The average precipitation increased by 5.7 mm in recent 20 years .In the month location of the precipitation, decreased by 7.1 mm in June and increased by 4.4 mm in July averagely .The space-time location of the precipitation is not well balanced, In addition, there was a significant increase of the effective accumulated temperature and the frost-free period in recent 20 years, agricultural planting structure has changed. The sown areas of thermophilic crops such as corn, grape, cotton further expanded, the sown area of the happy cool crops like as the spring wheat, the spring rape reduces year by year. After wheat harvest, the restrictive affection of heat to intercropping, multiple cropping varieties greatly increase. The development trend of local agricultural production from one crop a year to two crops a year.