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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (2): 9-12.

所属专题： 小麦； 农业气象

• 农艺科学 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于模糊评价法的小麦生长期气象因子定量评价

王辉 王鹏云 田燕 李万春 曾艳   

  • 收稿日期:2011-09-23 修回日期:2011-10-19 出版日期:2012-02-20 发布日期:2012-02-20
  • 基金资助:

    云南省科技计划“基于粮食安全生产的干旱灾害预警技术研究及应用”

Meteorological Factors Assessment of Wheat Growing Period Based on Fuzzy Evaluation Method

  • Received:2011-09-23 Revised:2011-10-19 Online:2012-02-20 Published:2012-02-20

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摘要：

为了从温度、降水、日照等角度，分析小麦各发育期气象条件的适宜度，为作物气候评价的定量化提供参考和依据，运用模糊数学理论，分别建立气温、降水量和日照时数对昆明小麦生长发育适宜程度的隶属函数模型，据此模型分别计算小麦不同生育阶段的温度、降水、日照及光温水综合因子对小麦生长发育的隶属度，进而分析气象条件的适宜程度；除生殖生长阶段温度适宜度偏低外，其余发育期温度适宜度较高；日照适宜度在小麦整个生长阶段都较高，降水适宜度较低，且变化幅度较大，说明日照条件能够满足小麦生长发育的需要，自然降水偏少和生殖生长阶段的温度偏低是昆明小麦产量形成的限制因子。运用模糊数学理论建立的作物气候适宜度动态模型，能客观地反映气象条件对作物生长发育的适宜程度，为提高气象服务质量提供了依据。

关键词: 水稻, 水稻, 高产高效, 根系特征, 地上部特点, 根-冠互作

Abstract:

Based on temperature, natural precipitation and sunshine time, the suitability degree of meteorological factors in wheat growing stage were analyzed. It can provide theoretical foundation for the quantitative evaluation of crop climate. Based on fuzzy mathematics theory, the membership function model of temperature, precipitation and sunshine time for wheat were established and calculated to estimate the climatic suitability to wheat quantitatively. The meteorological factors during growth and development of wheat in 2008, 2009 and multi-annual average climatic data were calculated. The results indicated that the suitability degree for the temperature was relative high except in the reproductive growth phase, the suitability degree for the sunshine was relative high in whole growing stage, but for the precipitation was low with large variable extents. These explained that the sunshine was able to satisfy the growth and development of wheat. The lack of the natural precipitation and lower temperature in the reproductive growth phase were limited factors for the formation of the wheat yield. Dynamic model for crop climatic suitability degree based on fuzzy mathematics theory can objective reflect the suitability degree of meteorological factors for crop growth, and it can provide the basis for the improvement of weather service quality.

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